The Case For A Preterist Supercessionism Pt 1 (The Covenant Case)
Welcome back to The PRODCAST for Episode 177!Today we begin a massive four-part series that cuts through the confusion, controversy, and caricatures surrounding supersessionism—and we do it from a fully biblical, Reformed, covenantal, Christ-centered, preterist perspective.This episode is Part 1: The Covenantal Case for Preterist Supersessionism, where we lay the foundation the apostles themselves give us:Christ is the true Israel → those united to Christ are the people of God → the land promise expands to the entire world → the Old Covenant institutions are fulfilled and therefore ended.If you understand this episode, the entire New Testament will come into focus.TODAY’S MAIN POINTS1. Christ Is Israel Concentrated and the Covenants ConsummatedJesus does not stand next to Israel’s story—He is Israel’s story brought to its climax.He relives Israel’s history and succeeds where Israel failed.He becomes the true Temple, the true Priest, the true Sacrifice, and the true Son.When the substance arrives, the shadows fall.This is the unavoidable starting point for understanding why the Old Covenant cannot continue in parallel with Christ.2. The People of God Are Defined Christologically, Not EthnicallyUnion with Christ—not ethnicity—determines covenant identity.Paul: “Not all who are descended from Israel belong to Israel.”Ephesians: Christ creates one new man, not two parallel peoples.Peter: Titles once reserved for Israel now belong to the church.This is not erasure—it is fulfillment. The olive tree is one, and its life is Christ.3. The Land Promise Is Transfigured to the WorldThe land never shrinks back to Canaan. Christ enlarges it.Abraham was promised the world (Romans 4:13).Jesus promises the meek the earth, not Judea.Revelation ends with a global, renewed creation—not a fenced-off ethnic homeland.The land becomes cosmological because the King is cosmic.4. Circumcision, Priesthood, Sacrifices, and Temple Are Fulfilled and EndedThe institutions that defined Israel’s covenant identity have been completed in Christ.Circumcision → heart-renewal by the SpiritPriesthood → Christ’s once-for-all priesthoodSacrifices → the final, perfect offering of the SonTemple → Christ and His Spirit-filled peopleWithout these, the Old Covenant cannot exist—and neither can an Old Covenant people.WHY THIS MATTERSSupersessionism is not harsh, fringe, or speculative—it is the New Testament’s covenantal logic.It explains:The Great CommissionThe unity of Jew and GentilePentecostThe tearing of the veilThe transformation of the world under ChristWhy no future, post-Calvary covenant identity can exist apart from HimThis episode is the theological backbone of everything that follows.FULL SERIES ROADMAPPart 1 — The Covenantal CaseChrist as true Israel, the church as His people, the land enlarged, and the Old Covenant fulfilled.Part 2 — The Prophetic & Historical CaseHow the prophets foresaw this, how the apostles taught it, and how AD 70 sealed it forever.Part 3 — Romans 11 & Preterist SupersessionismThe passage everyone runs to—and why it actually proves the opposite.Part 4 — Objections AnsweredModern Israel, political Zionism, antisemitism accusations, premillennialism—and the biblical answers.SUPPORT THE SHOWThank you for supporting, liking, sharing, commenting, and subscribing!Your generosity makes this work possible. You can join the channel as a paid member by going here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCD_3vCL8AM6U3sJIAzq9vnA/joinCheck out the merch at:www.prodthesheep.comCONNECTHave questions or feedback? Drop them in the comments.Want more? Subscribe and hit the bell so you don’t miss Parts 2–4.NEXT EPISODEPart 2 — The HistoricalCase for SupersessionismWe’ll explore how the "end time revival" that was promised happened in the first century.
Transcript
the promise that's been working out all over the whole Bible from Eden to New Jerusalem is that Canaan's soil is going to be expanded to the entire cosmos until every square inch of reality is reclaimed by, restored by, and ruled by Jesus Christ.
Hello everyone and welcome back to the podcast where we prod the sheep and beat the wolf.
This is episode 177, a Preterist Supersessionism. Well, hello everybody and welcome back to the podcast.
My name is Kendall and I'm so thankful for your support of this show.
I'm thankful for all the likes and the shares and the comments and the emails and the text messages and everyone who's subscribed to this channel.
I actually can't believe that as many people are subscribed and watching and like this kind of content.
It's eschatology and it could be seen as somewhat dorky but I love it. I'm glad you love it and thank you so much for being here.
Also, a huge thanks to everyone who is financially contributing to make shows like this possible.
I could not do it without your support and I'm very thankful to everyone who has chosen to support it whether that's insider, defender, or prod squad members.
Thank you so much. I don't promise perks. I just say, hey, job well done. We can get content like this out to more people so thank you.
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.com and checked out some of our merch. I'm always open to new ideas so if you want to see something made into a t -shirt, a hoodie, or whatever else, let me know.
I'd love to put some thought into that and I'm really thankful that we're back here today because today is our 177th episode and let me just tell you today's episode and the next three episodes after that are going to be doozies.
Now, if you've been tracking along with this Revelation series, you know that we're about to dive into Revelation 2 through 3.
We're on the precipice of diving into Revelation chapter 2 verse 1 where we're going to begin looking at the seven churches of Asia Minor like Ephesus and Smyrna and Pergamum, Philadelphia, Thyatira, all of those.
But before we do that, there's something that I've been wanting to talk about for a long time.
I think it's a very important topic. We have to discuss it and it's one that a lot of people argue about.
It's one that brings a lot of confusion to a lot of people, but it's a topic that if you truly grasp it, it will bring so much clarity to your reading of the
Bible, to your understanding of the New Testament, and that is especially true of eschatology, which is what we've been focused on for a while here on this show.
Now, what topic am I talking about? What topic could be so important that we're going to stop what we're doing, kind of, and we're going to go into this for four weeks?
Well, the topic that I'm thinking of is called supersessionism. Now, maybe you've never even heard that term before, and if that's the case, that's perfectly okay.
Theologians have this pesky little habit like experts in every field where they love to create words that are over big for concepts that are actually quite simple, and this particular word is no different.
What it means is that Israel, and by Israel, I mean the biological descendants of Jacob, who once lived in the physical land of Canaan under the tribal allotments described in the
Mosaic covenant, are no longer the chosen people of God.
And even more than that, they no longer possess any special or ongoing covenant status between them and God, which means that if you hold to this view, which
I do, then you believe that the modern day Jews who live in modern day
Israel are in the same condition as every other human being on earth who's separated from God.
Namely, they are dead in their trespasses and sins, and apart from the saving work of Jesus Christ, they have no hope.
They will be equally damned along with the Buddhists and the Shintoists and the Hindus and the Islamics and everyone else who knows not
Christ. They do not have a unique special covenant standing or a unique future that is special just to them.
They are like the rest of humanity. They are doomed in their sins unless they kiss the sun, as Psalm 2 says, or they will perish along the way.
Now, this view, far from making us arrogant or hostile towards the
Jewish people, far from this making us like the Nick Fuenteses of the world who find a problem, find a
Jew under every rock on earth, far from that, far from anti -Semitical views, it actually should make us more sympathetic and empathetic towards the
Jewish people to share the gospel of Jesus Christ with them because we want them to be saved as well as every other nation on earth to be saved because we believe that Christ, when he died, he will eventually save the world.
That is, in a nutshell, supersessionism. But I have some clarifications because before we dive in,
I want to be absolutely clear that I am not advocating or arguing for a run -of -the -mill, generic kind of reformed supersessionism.
I'm arguing for a very specific, historically rooted, biblically saturated, reformed, covenantal, and preterist understanding of supersessionism.
And you're like, man, that's a lot of words. What does he mean? I'm saying that I believe, and I'm going to try to prove this and tease this out, that the
Jews of the first century were, if they were not in Christ, they were cut out of the covenant.
And they no longer have a future moment, a revival, an engrafting back in, as some people believe.
There are supersessionists that believe that there's going to be a future revival for Israel. I believe that that revival already happened, and it happened in the first century.
So that's the view that I'm going to be demonstrating or showing to you. And that's the view that if you'd like to interact with me on it, you can.
But I'm going to be arguing for what I call a preterist supersessionism, which
Doug Wilson has referred to it as a hard supersessionism. I don't know about that term or not, but I'm going to be arguing for a supersessionism, which shows that the people of Judah, the
Jews of the first century, were cut out of the covenant because of their disobedience.
The only way back in is not through their Jewishness, not through their bloodline, not through their
DNA, but through Jesus. That's the only way back in to being true
Israel, is to be connected to true Israel, which I'm going to be arguing is Christ. The view that I have is going to show that every single privilege, every promise, every covenant blessing that was once wrapped up and connected to ethnic
Israel has now been fulfilled, expanded, and connected to Jesus Christ because he is true
Israel. And that the only way to be a part of Israel is to be united to him.
Both Jew and Gentile come into Israel through him. And that's true in the old covenant, and that's also true in the new covenant.
Because if you think about it, how did the Old Testament saints become believers? How did they become saved?
Well, was it through obedience to the law? Of course not, because none have obeyed. All have fallen short.
No one is righteous, not even one. So the only way that Moses, Aaron, the
Israelites, Jacob, Abraham, Isaac, the only way that any of our
Old Testament brothers and sisters in the faith were saved is by looking forward to Jesus Christ, by looking forward to his obedience.
You see, everyone is saved through Christ, Old Testament and New Testament. The Old Testament believers look forward to Jesus's faithfulness in faith.
We look backward in faith at what Jesus has done. But everybody is looking at Jesus, which means that he is the true
Israel to which old Israel pointed. He is the true Israel to which you and I have now been appointed.
And in that sense, the entire old covenant is fulfilled by and climaxed by him.
For instance, the land promises are not promises to national Israel, they're promises to him.
And now they've been enlarged because he's not just going to save one nation, he's going to save the entire world.
The priesthood, the sacrifices, the temple, they're all now completed and maximized in Jesus Christ.
And the church, the church is the people of God, past, present, future, old and new,
Gentile, slave, free, male, female, all are going to be made into Israel through Christ if they're saved.
And that engrafting of Israel that Paul describes in Romans 11, that we're going to be talking about in just a couple weeks, that's not talking about a future end of the world
Jewish revival where they're going to be coming back because of their ethnicity. That's already happened in the first century during the transition from the old covenant to the new covenant.
I'm going to be arguing that there was a revival. There was a massive amount of Jewish people who converted and turned to Jesus.
I'm going to be arguing that maybe next week or if not next week in the weeks ahead. But we're going to be arguing that all of these things culminated in the first century and they have massive impacts on our theology and the way that we read the
New Testament. Now, because this argument is such a big one, we're going to take our time on it. I don't want to do any more two hour long episodes and I don't want to do hot takes.
So I'm going to do a four part, very carefully structured argument for this view.
And I want to show you why it makes sense. I also want to show you why it matters for how you understand the
Bible. So it's a little bit of a headier topic, but I do think that it's important. That's why we're doing it.
And we're going to do it in four parts. As I said, the first part is going to be the covenantal case for preterist supersessionism, where we're going to be arguing that today.
The second one is the prophetic and the historical case for the view. The third is where everyone always ends up.
That's Romans 11. Whether you are a supersessionist or not, you're going to end up in Romans 11, trying to make your argument either for or against this view there.
So we're going to take an entire episode and we're going to be looking at Romans chapter 11. And then finally, we're going to end by answering some objections, objections like political
Zionism or the modern day nation state of Israel, accusations of antisemitism, premillennialism, and every other kind of challenge that is out there because this is a hot button topic right now.
You've got Tucker Carlson and Candace Owen and Nick Fuentes. And then you've got people like Ted Cruz and Lindsey Graham.
And you've got people who've got opinions all over the place about who Israel actually is.
So it actually is not a bad idea for us to go ahead and define it and to do so over the next four weeks through this doctrine called supersessionism, which
I think will be great. Now, by the time we're done, and I'm sure the dust has settled on this, I think a lot of confusion is going to lift.
I think a lot of the New Testament passages are going to become clear to you and you're going to see a unified and covenantal and Christ -centered story of the entire
New Testament. And with that, and with that roadmap in place, now it's time for us to begin with point number one.
Christ is Israel concentrated and the covenants consummated. Now, if you want to understand the biblical case for supersessionism, you have to settle one truth before anything else.
Christ is not a figure who's standing beside of Israel. Christ is
Israel. Christ is in his own person, Israel incarnate.
If you don't understand that, you're going to miss so much. And you're going to trip up when people come up to you and say that that's replacement theology.
No, it's not. Christ has always been true Israel. If you're remembering the Old Testament, where did the word
Israel come from? It was when God comes and wrestles with Jacob and renames him Israel because Israel means one who wrestles with God.
And if you know the story of Jacob, he didn't wrestle with God perfectly. And neither did his son
Judah or Reuben or Simeon or Issachar or Naphtali or any of those. What you see in the
Old Testament is no one wrestled with God perfectly. So no one actually lived up to the title
Israel. Jacob wasn't given the title of Israel because of his DNA. He wasn't given the title of Israel because he's somehow genetically a
Jew. They were from Ur. Abraham was from Ur. Abraham's wife was from Ur.
They were Canaanites. They were covenantally made into a new people. But that new people and that new status was not based on their genetics.
It was based on their faith. For Abraham believed and it was counted to him as righteousness. Jacob wrestled with God through faith and he was called
Israel. Israel is a matter of faith, not bloodline. That's the point. And Jesus, in this whole story of what
Israel is, is not an add -on to it. In fact, he's the point of the entire Old Covenant is looking squarely to him in every single part of it.
Not just Israel, but all of it. He's the point of the entire Old Covenant. He's what all of the
Old Testament was straining forward for. When he steps onto the stage of human history, he does not continue
Israel's story. He brings their story to its dramatic climax.
And this is why the opening chapters of the New Testament do not present Jesus as a detached
Messiah floating somewhere in the timeline of Israelite history. They present him as retracing
Israel's steps and succeeding where Israel failed and fulfilling everything that Israel was meant to be.
What do I mean? I mean, when Jesus shows up, Matthew tells us that he's
Israel. That's what Matthew does. He tells us that he's from the line of Abraham and the line of David. He is quintessential
Israel. How do we know that? Well, the genealogy proves it, number one.
But then in Matthew chapter two, Matthew quotes Hosea saying, out of Egypt I called my son.
Do you know what that passage in Hosea is talking about? It's not talking about Jesus. At least, not on the surface.
Because in the Old Testament, the firstborn son of God was Israel the nation.
They're the ones that got caught in slavery in Egypt. And God, through 10 sequential plagues, brought them up out of Egypt.
He brought his firstborn son up out of Egypt. He brought the nation of Israel up and out of Egypt.
But Matthew, by quoting Hosea, is saying that that nation was a type and a shadow of what
Israel was. And that nation being brought up out of Egypt like it was brought up out of Egypt was meant to point forward to a true and better Israel who would be brought up out of Egypt, namely
Jesus Christ. Matthew is saying that he's the true Israel that was brought up out of Egypt, not them.
They were a placeholder. They were a footnote. They were a sign that says, no, our story is actually about him.
Our story is in the Old Testament to point to him. That's what Matthew is arguing. And Matthew is written under the direction of the breath of God by the
Holy Spirit. So God himself is saying that Old Testament Israel was brought up out of the land of Egypt as a foretaste of the true
Israel, Jesus, who as a baby was brought up out of the land of Egypt in Matthew chapter 2. And that is not all that Matthew gets at.
And I'm just going to cover a couple of them. In the Old Testament, Israel comes up out of the land of Egypt and they go to the
Red Sea where the water is parted. God speaks over the water. The Son, the angel of the
Lord, leads the people through the water and the Holy Spirit is hovering. That's what happened in in the
Red Sea crossing. What happens as soon as Jesus in Matthew is called up out of Egypt, he goes to the waters of the
Jordan and he's baptized. Paul says that the Red Sea was a baptism.
And why does Paul say that? Because Paul's saying that that baptism at the Red Sea where God speaks, spirit hovers, and the angel of the
Lord leads the people through the water is only a type and a shadow of the true baptism that's coming in Jesus.
And lest we not forget, just like in the Old Testament where God spoke, spirit's breath is hovering over the scene and the angel of the
Lord is leading them through the waters, you have the exact same situation in Matthew chapter 3. God speaks, this is my beloved
Son in whom I'm well pleased. The Holy Spirit hovers over Jesus' baptism and Jesus, as the angel of the
Lord, walks through the waters and goes to the other side. That's Jesus reenacting the history of Israel, except he's being faithful where they failed.
What happens after that? Well, in the Old Testament, Israel goes to the waters, God parts the waters, the
Egyptians are killed, the greatest enemy that they had ever faced was killed, and then they go into the wilderness.
Well, where does Jesus go right after his baptism? He goes to the wilderness. Israel wandered in the wilderness for 40 years,
Jesus wandered in the wilderness for 40 days. The parallels are not unintentional, they're not just coincidental.
But Israel, when they wandered in the wilderness, they failed. It says that God tested them 10 times and they failed and they failed and they failed and they died in the wilderness.
What happens with Jesus? He passes the test. Satan comes and tempts him with the same things that Israel was tempted with, bread, idolatry, and all of those things, getting water out of the rock, all of them.
Jesus succeeds where Israel failed. And then what does Jesus do next? After he wanders faithfully in the wilderness, he goes to his mountain, just like Moses led the people through the wilderness to the mountain.
Moses climbs up on top of the mountain and teaches the people the law of God. What does Jesus do in Matthew 5?
He climbs up on top of the mountain and teaches the people the law of God. That's Matthew 5, 6, and 7. The parallels are unbelievable.
Jesus is Israel. He's saying, look, I'm doing the same stuff. I'm called up out of Egypt like Israel.
I walk through the waters like Israel. I wander in the wilderness like Israel. I teach the law of God from the mountain like Israel, except I'm faithful Israel where they failed.
They were a type. They were a shadow. They were pointing at me, Jesus would say. And in that sense,
Jesus stands as the faithful Israel, the one who embodies
God's law in perfect, flawless obedience. And this matters biblically because identity flows from covenant representation.
If you wanted to be a part of Old Testament Israel, you had to be connected to the covenant of Moses. If you want to be part of the true
Israel, what Paul calls the Israel of God, you have to be connected to Christ because he's the one who represents
Israel flawlessly. He's the one who fulfilled the law of God flawlessly, which means he's
Israel. And Israel's entire covenantal structure now rests on him.
That's why the New Testament doesn't hesitate to apply Israel's titles, Israel's institutions, and Israel's promises to Jesus because he is the true and better all of it.
Let me give you a couple examples. Think about things connected with Israel, the temple. Jesus is the true temple because he's the dwelling place of God on earth.
The temple is no longer located in stone built in the city of Jerusalem, but it's in the incarnate son who came and tabernacled among us.
That's why John, even in chapter 1, 14, uses the word that he came and tabernacled among us because he's the true temple.
Think about some other examples. He's the true priest. Priesthood was associated with Israel. Jesus is the true priest because no
Levite could ever accomplish what the son of God accomplished at Calvary when he made the once and for all sacrifice and entered forever, as Hebrew says, into the heavenly temple with his own blood making purification for us with the once and for all sacrifice offered so that it can never be repeated.
That means he's the true sacrifice because there's not an animal slain in the old covenant that actually could save because the blood of bulls and goats don't save you.
He is what all that pointed to. He's the true Passover. He's the true first fruits.
He's the true seed of Abraham. He's the true Davidic king. In every direction that you look, everything that was connected to Old Testament Israel is now fulfilled and completed in him.
Why? Because he's true Israel. Even the stories of Israel he's redoing like the wilderness wanderings and the
Red Sea crossings and all of that. Christ is the concrete reality behind every
Old Testament type and shadow, and that's not poetic, typological language, although it is, but it's also demonstrating that the covenant has matured and transitioned away from its types and shadows to its covenant head.
Because when the substance of the covenant arrives, the types and shadows, they're not insulted, they're completed.
When the king sits upon his throne, the tutors step aside. Like in the
Lord of the Rings, if you remember, the tutors were the ones who were holding the kingdom until the return of the king.
Well, in Matthew and Mark and Luke and John, the king has come. So the tutor, the
Old Testament, has to step aside. The old covenant, the types, the shadows, the law, the prophet, all of that steps aside to make way for the king.
That's why Hebrews makes the point with such brutal clarity that the old covenant has become obsolete, not because it was bad, but because Christ is here.
The type and shadow has been fulfilled by its substance. And in this way, a covenant that was designed to point forward cannot continue to remain authoritative when what it was pointing to shows up.
The entire structure of Israel's life, the temple, the sacrifices, the festival, the land, the story, all of that is serving as scaffolding for the arrival of the
Messiah. And if you know anything about building construction, then when the building is finished, the scaffolding comes down.
And it comes down because the building is finished. That is why, in my opinion, supersessionism is unavoidable.
Because if Christ is the fulfillment of all the covenants, then the covenants cannot remain the same once he shows up.
If Christ completes Israel's story, then Israel can't have a story outside of him.
Let me tell you exactly what I mean by that statement. If Israel is what the story was always pointing to, then when
Jesus rises from the dead, you don't have a forked road coming out of Jerusalem.
You don't have Israel as a nation and Israel as a spiritual entity, and those two roads are broken.
And both of them somehow are the chosen people of God. We're chosen through election and through salvation.
They're chosen through bloodline. That's not what happens. If the story all culminates on Jesus, and he really is the true
Israel, which he is, then the story only goes in one direction. And it doesn't matter who you think you are and what bloodline you think you have.
If you're not in him, you are not Israel. That's why the old covenant was brought to such a beautiful and dramatic conclusion in Christ, because it's in him that you're
Israel, not by bloodline, not by geography, and not by mosaic obedience. The new covenant is not the old covenant rebooted as a 2 .0
or as a, whoops, the Jews rejected him. Let's do something else for a couple thousand years until the
Jews come back. The old covenant was completed, reconstituted, and perfected in the crucified and risen
Lord of glory, Jesus Christ. And once you grasp this, everything in the New Testament begins to become clear, because the apostles are not redefining
Israel in some clever way, and they're not using poetic language when they say, if you have faith, you're children of Abraham. And if you are in Christ, then you're part of the
Israel of God. They're not joking. They're simply following the logic of Jesus as Israel to its fullest conclusion, that if you want your citizenship papers in Israel, you have to be connected to Christ.
You have to be in union with Christ. You are not made Israel by biological descent from Abraham.
You are made Israel by faith in Jesus, because he's the true temple, the true sacrifice, the true prophet, priest, and king.
And if you want to be in Israel, you gotta be in him. And that completion brings about a transformation that we can't ignore.
That's the foundation of this entire doctrine called supersessionism, is if Christ stands at the center of everything.
The Old Testament era can't continue anymore without him. And we can't actually return to an old covenant era after him, because he's completed it.
If he's true Israel, then the people of God cannot be defined outside of him.
Everything else that we say about supersessionism naturally flows from this doctrine, that we begin with Christ because the apostles began with Christ.
And when you see that everything redounds to Jesus Christ and is connected to Jesus Christ, then you see how the
New Testament logic actually makes sense. That's point number one. Point number two, the people of God are now defined
Christologically, not ethnically. If Christ is the true
Israel, then the next step is both unavoidable and inescapable, which is the people of God are determined by union with him, not by bloodline, genealogy, or ethnic descent.
The New Testament doesn't whisper that. It drives the point like a stake through the heart of the old covenant boundary markers.
The dividing wall has been lowered. It's demolished. And the definition of God's people is rebuilt entirely around Christ.
And Paul makes this point as plain as any doctrine of scripture. Rome was a divided church.
It was torn between the Jewish confidence in their ancestral privilege and the Gentile confidence in their newfound place in the covenant.
That's why Paul goes after the Gentiles in Romans 1, and that's why he goes after the
Jews in Romans 2, because there's this unity issue, and he's trying to say we're all one in Christ.
Paul refuses to flatter either group. He tells the Jews that their physical descent does not guarantee covenant standing in Romans 2, and he tells the
Gentiles that their inclusion is not a replacement of the Jews, but it's a grafting into one existing tree.
Jew, Gentile, slave, and free were all grafted into the same tree through circumcision of heart by the
Spirit of God. Paul is not making some inspirational statement about religious piety.
He is driving a theological wedge between the old covenant and the new.
He is telling you that the ethnic markers no longer define your covenant identity. Christ does.
This is why he tells the Roman church that not all who are descended from Israel belong to Israel.
What does he mean? Because this is what he's saying. Not all who are descended from ethnic
Israel belong to true Israel, who is true Israel, Jesus.
So you could say the statement this way. Not all who are descended from ethnic Israel belong to Jesus, who's true
Israel. That's what it means. That sentence alone overturns the entire modern system of Zionism that tries to elevate and preserve some kind of ethnic
Israel as a covenant people who have some special future. They don't. Their future is either
Christ or death. It's either Jesus or hell. That is the only future that anyone on earth has.
Paul, a Jew of Jews, was not concerned at all with ethnic biological
Israel. He's concerned with covenant Israel. Covenant Israel is defined by promise, not by flesh.
It's defined by faith, not genealogy. It's defined by union with Christ, not your descent from Jacob.
Once you grasp that, the idea of a dual people or a dual covenant structure, or the church age is a separate age, and one day the
Jews are going to have their temple again, all that kind of stuff collapses under the weight of Paul's argument.
I mean, the same clarity that's in Romans appears in Ephesians as well.
The Jews and Gentiles, who once viewed each other with suspicion and one viewed themselves as superior to the other, now take hold of something actually shocking.
Christ has made them one people. He's taken two groups of people that define themselves in radically different ways from each other, and he's made them into a single new man.
This is not some kind of cooperative alliance or a temporary truce where everyone lays down their weapons and kumbayas together.
What Jesus is doing as he's become the head of Israel, the body of Israel is being filled out with Jew and Gentile, slave and free, male and female, because all are one body, one household, one temple, and one people under the headship of Jesus Christ.
We all have access to the same father through the same spirit by the same son.
If the old covenant created distinctions, the new covenant buries them, and it buries them under the cornerstone of Christ.
And Peter reinforces this when he applies Israel's titles directly to the church. He doesn't hesitate. He doesn't apologize.
He doesn't add any kind of qualifications. He goes full on, no quarter November with them, saying the church is a chosen race, a royal priesthood, and a holy nation, a people for God's own possession, which is a title that belonged to Old Testament Israel.
He's saying, no, no, no, that's the church, which what I would say is Old Testament Israel was the
Old Testament members of the church. Now, New Testament believers are members of that same church.
All belong to the church, because if you are saved, you all belong to Jesus, both
Jew and Gentile alike. Again, that is a covenantal fact that the scriptures are teaching us.
The people who were once not God's people now are, because they are in Christ, members of true
Israel. And if they are in Christ, then every privilege, promise, and identity marker associated with Israel now belongs to them, which is why
Paul could say that if you believe, you're children of Abraham. I am just as much a child of Abraham as Isaac, and so are you, because you are connected and in union with the true seed of Abraham, Jesus Christ.
If the people of God, past, present, and future are defined by Jesus, then any attempt to preserve some kind of ethnic superiority or ethnic identity with special covenant status after the coming of Jesus is an attempt to rebuild what
God has torn down. The New Testament doesn't bless that or project that work.
It condemns it. The idea that Jews retain a separate covenantal peoplehood alongside the church is a direct denial of what
Christ accomplished in his body, and it puts either Israel or the church as God's side piece.
It's an attempt to resurrect the dividing wall that Paul says was shattered.
In Paul's language, that is a regression into the flesh. That is why supersessionism is not just a theological option.
It is the inevitable consequence of taking the New Testament seriously at its own word.
The apostles refused to define God's people the way the old covenant once did.
Bloodlines can't bring you in. Ancestry can't bring you in. Only Jesus Christ can bring you in.
That is why ethnic identity guarantees you nothing. Union with Christ is all that matters, and if you are in Christ, the apostolic witness says that you are
Abraham's offspring. You're heirs according to the promise. Heirs of what? Heirs of Israel. Heirs of the promises of Israel.
Heirs of all of the blessings of Israel. Whether your bloodline traces you back to Ellis Island or Mount Sinai, to a pagan nation or to the
Jews, it doesn't matter. If you are in Jesus, you are Israel.
That is the new covenant reality. The people of God are no longer marked by their connection to Abraham's flesh, but to Abraham's faith.
They're marked by connection to Abraham's seed, and it doesn't diminish
Old Testament biological Israel, but it does show us how Israel is fulfilled. It doesn't erase the promises that were given to them.
It delivers the promise given to them to the people of God, past, present, and future. It doesn't destroy the tree.
It builds the tree into its full global Christ -centered glory, and when that truth settles in, the entire debate actually changes.
The question is no longer, what is the future of Israel? The question is, who is
Christ and who belongs to him, and what is their future? And when I talk about the future of Israel, I'm talking about the future of the church, because we are true
Israel, and they are the false one. As John says in Revelation, those who say they are
Jews, but they are not. They are the synagogue of Satan. Why? Because true
Jewishness and true Israel is about faith in Christ.
That's point number two. Point number three, the land promise is transfigured to the world.
Now, if Christ is true Israel, and the people of God are defined by union with him, then the next question is really important.
What becomes of the land? Because so many of the old covenant promises was tied to the soil, and the borders, and the territory, and the geography, and the inheritance of the people of Israel.
The land was not a minor detail. It was at the core of Israel's identity, just like your land probably is core to who you are.
I remember going back and seeing my grandparents' house, and all of the memories of my childhood flooded over me, because much of who we are is tied to a land.
That's true in the Old Testament as well. So what happens then to that land when you get to the new covenant?
Does it remain in its old form, or does it change, or does it expand? Does it tighten back into a modern strip of Middle Eastern dirt, or does the
New Testament answer this question with a level of clarity that many
Christians today refuse to acknowledge? I think it's the latter. See, the land promise doesn't shrink, and it doesn't stay the same.
It actually explodes. It doesn't retreat back to Canaan after the whole world has won to Christ, and then, oh, now the people of God are back, and they're back in this specific set of land.
In fact, the promise given to Abraham was never ultimately about a sliver of dirt on the
Mediterranean Sea. Paul says that Abraham was promised the entire world, because in Genesis 12, 1 through 3, it says, all the families on earth are going to be blessed through you.
So the promise of the land of Israel in the Old Testament was always a type and shadow, just like everything else we've been talking about, of the whole globe that was going to belong to Jesus, because every family on earth is going to be blessed by him.
Paul calls Jesus the seed of Abraham. The seed of Abraham's going to bless the entire world. Therefore, Jesus is going to have the world.
That's why when he resurrects from the dead, the very first thing that he says is, all authority in heaven and on earth now belong to me.
He didn't say all authority in Canaan and in heaven belong to me.
He said all authority in heaven and on earth, the whole earth now belongs to me. That's not allegory.
That's not a spiritual sleight of hand. That is the apostolic interpretation of Genesis. That the land was always a down payment for the entirety of it.
That it was a model. It was a miniature of what God was intending to do to the entire creation in the same way that Eden was a microcosm of the whole.
Remember this. God starts with the garden of Eden, promises it to Adam and Eve, and says, if you're faithful, if you're fruitful, and if you multiply, you'll spread out to the ends of the earth.
In the same way, in the redemption project, God gives Israel the land of Canaan, and if they're faithful, and if they're fruitful, and if they multiply, they'll spread out to the ends of the earth.
Well, guess who was the Israel who was faithful, fruitful, and multiplied, and who will spread out to the ends of the earth?
It wasn't the Hebrew people. It was Jesus. In that way, the land was always a microcosm of the whole creation under the reign of the
Messiah, Jesus. This is why Jesus does not say that the meek will inherit Judea. He says that the meek will inherit the earth.
He takes Psalm 37, which is a land inheritance promise. Psalm 37 is something a
Jew would read and say, yes, this applies to our land. He takes that Psalm, and he universalizes it to include the entire globe.
He does not say that the promise is canceled. He says that the promise is enlarged, that the land was never the finish line.
It was only the training ground so that the people of God could take over the entire world.
The prophets confirm this. Isaiah speaks of a time when the nations are going to stream to Zion.
He does not say that the land of Israel is going to be it. He's saying that the world is going to stream to it and become it.
Micah describes the mountain of the Lord rising above all the other mountains, not as a literal geological event, but as the exaltation of God's kingdom over every kingdom of earth.
The geography of the old covenant becomes the theology of the new. The land in the old covenant becomes the world under the rule of Christ.
That's why the New Testament does not instruct Christians to look back on the territorial promises that were given to the
Israelites. We're not told to rebuild the old covenant borders. We're not told to pilgrimage to Jerusalem like the
Islamics do to Mecca. We're not told to have some kind of national reconstitution of Israel in the flesh.
So the New Testament gives us a far better and greater vision than what
Ted Cruz and the neocons would give you. The New Testament gives us a vision of a new heaven and a new earth, a global new
Jerusalem. That's why Revelation says that Jerusalem comes down from heaven as a new Jerusalem, and now it's globe -shaped because the kingdom has now expanded from a tiny little sliver of land in one of the most contested areas of the world.
It is stretched from the rivers to the ends of the earth, from sea to shining sea, so that the glory of the
Lord will cover the earth as the waters covers the sea. And it's been given to a
Messiah whose dominion is going to outgrow every land border imaginable until his government has increased till it knows no end,
Isaiah 9, 6 through 7. The land promise doesn't collapse in the
New Testament. It's not forgotten in the New Testament. It matures to completion in the
New Testament. And here's where the tension crystallizes, because modern Christians who insist that Israel must regain or retain the land in order for God's promises to be valid are making the same mistake the
Pharisees did. They're shrinking the kingdom of God down to a tribal size.
They want the world's redeemer to preside over a real estate deal in the Middle East. They want the cosmic king to be a regional landlord.
They want the one who inherited the nations to be reduced to the square mileage of the Sinaitic covenant.
The New Testament refuses to let that happen. Christ is not the king of one nation.
He's the king of kings and the Lord of lords. He's not the inheritor of one little plot of earth.
He is the inheritor of the entire world. And because the church is united to him, the church inherits what he inherits.
That's why Revelation ends with not a fenced off ethnic homeland, but with a city descending from heaven that fills the earth with the glory of God.
The promise that's been working out all over the whole Bible from Eden to New Jerusalem is that Canaan's soil is going to be expanded to the entire cosmos until every square inch of reality is reclaimed by, restored by, and ruled by Jesus Christ.
So the land promise has not been revoked. It's been fulfilled. It's been fulfilled beyond recognition to anyone who's still staring at a map of Israel and thinking, yeah, that's the land of God.
That's God's land. No, and now all belongs to him. The seed of Abraham rules the earth, not a strip of it.
And the people of Abraham, those who belong to Christ, inherit a whole creation, not a fenced in boundary in the
Middle East. This is the new covenant vision. The land becomes the world.
The borders become global. The inheritance becomes cosmic. And every attempt to drag that promise back into the old covenant scale is a refusal to accept the total and glorious victory of Jesus.
So the question is not whether Israel gets her land back. The question is whether Christ will get the world that he was promised and the
New Testament declares without hesitation that he does. That's point number three.
Point four, circumcision, priesthood, and sacrifices are fulfilled and therefore abrogated.
Now, if the land promise must be understood through the finished work of Christ and it should, then the next question presses in with equal weight.
What becomes of the old covenant institutions that marked Israel off from the other nations?
We talked about this a little bit. We're going to press a little further now. Things like circumcision, priesthood, temple rites, sacrifices, these were not accessories of being an
Israelite. They were a part of the feature. They were the backbone of the old covenant world and being a
Jew. Without them, Israel had no covenant life. But the
New Testament does not preserve those institutions at all. It does not run them alongside of the new covenant order and say, they're good for the
Jews, but not for the Christians. It doesn't do that. It brings all of them to an end by fulfilling them in Jesus.
There's no ambiguity on this. Scripture does not give us two priesthoods, one operating side by side, the
Aaronic priesthood and the Melchizedekian priesthood in Jesus. It doesn't. It doesn't give us two forms of circumcision with equal standing, the new covenant circumcision, which is baptism, and the old covenant circumcision, which is
Jewish, and both are valid. It doesn't do that. It doesn't give us two sacrificial systems, one ancient and one present.
It doesn't give us a competing view for covenant legitimacy. The New Testament shuts the door on the old covenant world.
Circumcision is now not done with the flesh, but it's made without hands.
It's not done on the skin. It's done on the heart. It's done by the spirit. That alone should settle the matter.
If circumcision is no longer defined by the knife, but by union with Christ, then the entire old covenant system that guarded
Israel's boundaries is finished and wrapped up in him. It used to be that you could not be an
Israelite if you weren't circumcised. If you were a Moabite and you showed up at Israel's borders and you said,
I love the God of Israel. I want to be a part of this. The first thing you would have to do is circumcise the foreskin of your flesh.
Now, that is not what you have to do because a true and a better circumcision has come through the
Holy Spirit of God. There's no parallel track for the ethnic children of Abraham to walk alongside the spiritual children of Abraham.
They're all made one in Christ. If you're in Christ, you're Israel. If you're not, you are not.
And there's no covenantal advantage left in circumcising your flesh.
Paul makes an entire book of the Bible about this in the book of Galatians. The priesthood is another institution.
It follows the same pattern. The book of Hebrews does not say that Christ added to the
Levitical order. It says that his priesthood replaces it. His priesthood is better than that.
A change of priesthood happened, which means that a change of the covenant happened, not an update, not an upgrade, not an expansion, a change.
Once Christ stands as the final high priest, the Levitical Aaronic order was retired.
And it becomes impossible to reinstate it. You cannot have two priesthoods mediating two covenants that lead to the same place at the same time because one has been abrogated in Jesus.
You can't have the shadow and the substance ministering side by side. If Christ represents his people before the father, then no other priesthood can stand.
If he's the one who mediates, if he's the one who offers the sacrifice, if he's the one who anoints, if he's the one who serves us as our true high priest, then no other high priest can serve
God like that. He is the priest. He is the way, the truth, the life.
No one comes to the father through the Levitical priesthood anymore. Only they come through Jesus.
And I would even argue that the Levitical priesthood only ever was a type and shadow pointing to him.
The same is true for the sacrificial system. Scripture does not permit us to even imagine a future temple that resumes animal sacrifices.
That is blasphemy. The moment that Christ offered himself up, every other sacrifice became null and void, and it was exposed for what it was.
It was a temporary type and shadow that was pointing to him. And in that sense, every sacrifice that could ever come after his finished work would be a denial of his finished work.
Hebrews says that plainly, that if you resurrect the sacrificial system, then you're not honoring
Christ. You're insulting him, and you're blaspheming him, and you're saying that his blood and his body and his sacrifice was insufficient, that his offering was incomplete, that his cross was not enough.
And that is where modern Christians who cling to future temple imagery have to be confronted, because the idea that God will reinstate the old covenant sacrifices in the last day and make a third temple with sacrificial system and all of that, and God is going to somehow be pleased by that and even be the one who authored that history, it's categorically anti -gospel.
It's the theological equivalent of building an altar at the top of Calvary and pretending like sacrificing on that altar is now where we code to know
God. No, Jesus has the once and for all sacrifice that completes and finishes all sacrifices.
When you try to do that, and you try to say that the Old Testament sacrificial system is coming back, you're attempting to rehang the veil that Christ tore down with his own death.
No Christian who understands the New Testament can affirm that doctrine without stepping into heresy and without violating the entire
New Testament. Circumcision is replaced by heart renewal. Priesthood is replaced by Christ and his ultimate priesthood.
Sacrifice is replaced by the once and for all offering of the Son of God. The temple is replaced by the risen
Christ as the cornerstone and God building an end time temple with the people of God.
These are not symbolic gestures. They're covenant realities. The entire old covenant machinery was designed to keep
Israel alive long enough until the Messiah came. God was keeping the nation of Israel alive so that Messiah could be born of them so that he could then take over the world promise to Adam.
Once Jesus came, Israel was not necessary. What was necessary was that Israel would provide the birth canal for the
Messiah. And once he was born and once he finished his sacrificial work on the cross,
Israel became those who are in him, not the people from the
Middle East. And here's the tension that lies beneath the surface of this entire debate.
If God himself has dismantled circumcision, priesthood, temple, sacrifice, then the system, the entire system that defined ethnic
Israel as God's unique covenant people has been torn apart brick by brick so that now there's nothing left that makes them significant anymore.
There is nothing about Israel of the genealogical variety that makes them special.
And I'm not saying that to be mean because of course everyone is special. Red, yellow, black, and white, all are precious in his sight.
I don't disagree with that. I'm saying that there is nothing that is connected to Israel that makes it uniquely covenantally significant.
If they're not in Christ, they are going to hell. That is the reality.
And there's no going back because Christ is now Lord over all Israel. Any attempt that we would ever offer to preserve an ethnic bloodline, an ethnic
Israel as a covenant people after Jesus came in the flesh is nothing
I think short of blasphemy. It's a denial of who he is and what he's done.
Without those Old Testament institutions, the old covenant can't exist. And if the old covenant cannot even exist, then neither can an old covenant definition of who the people of God are.
It's not a replacement. It's a fulfillment. All of the
Jews and all of the Israelites are not replaced by the church. We're all grafted into the same
Christ, which means that Israel in Old Testament doesn't lose her identity.
Her identity is taken up, purified, and magnified, and secured forever in Jesus.
The covenant signs that once pointed forward are now absorbed into him.
The covenant structures that once maintained the nation now serve a greater kingdom in him.
The covenant people that once existed in the flesh are now gathered together from every tribe, tongue, and nation, making a body that is in true union with its head,
Jesus Christ, so that it will be the true Israelite. This is why supersessionism is not a fringe doctrine.
It's not a harsh doctrine. It's not a hateful doctrine. It's a doctrine that honors the finished work of Jesus.
If the old covenant signs remained, then his work's not done yet.
If the old covenant priesthood remains, his mediation doesn't matter. If the old covenant sacrifices remain, his blood shed on the cross doesn't cleanse.
And if the old covenant people remain with their old covenant status divided and apart from him, his kingdom is divided, and his kingdom is not efficacious to save.
But if Christ really does fulfill all of those types and shadows, and he ends them and puts them on their place, which is in the museum of history, and if he reigns over all of creation as the apostles declared and anticipated, then the only way to be
Israel is through Jesus Christ, which is why supersessionism is a biblical doctrine, because the
Israelites of the flesh have no more significance to play in the story of God. Everything is coming in through Jesus.
If you want to try to come to God through a temple, you will be destroyed. If you want to come to God through Jewish rituals, you will be destroyed.
If you want to come to God through Islam, you will be destroyed. There is no way, there is no truth, and there is no life apart from Jesus Christ.
That's the point. And that leads us to our conclusion. As we bring this very first part to a close,
I want you to feel the weight of what scripture has shown us. None of this is innovative.
None of this is theological risk -taking. None of it belongs to fringe doctrines. This is just straightforward, apostolic,
Christ -centered readings of the New Testament that the church has held for centuries before the modern -day heresy of Darbyism.
Christ fulfills Israel's story. Christ completes
Israel's covenants. Christ transforms Israel's boundaries. Christ inherits
Israel's promises. And Christ defines Israel's people. Once you see that, the entire old covenant order comes into focus, not as something that God's going to resurrect, but as something that God has already brought to its appointed end and telos in his son.
The shadows serve their purpose. The scaffolding has come down. And when
Jesus came, the whole project matured. Israel's identity didn't disappear.
It was lifted up into union with Jesus, which is where it always pointed anyway.
And this is why supersessionism is not a doctrine or a debate that should only be had by specialists.
It's the theological backbone of the New Testament, and it should be understood by everyone, both the theologian and the plowboy, both the lawyer in the ivory tower, but also the blue -collar worker who goes to work and works a hard job in the trades.
This doctrine should be understood because it explains the backbone and the structure of covenant theology in the
New Testament. It explains the Great Commission. It explains why we're commanded to go first.
The disciples and the apostles were told to go to the people of Israel. And then after the resurrection, it turns global.
Why? Because Christ now owns the world. This explains the Pentecost.
It explains the unity of the church. It explains why it's Jew and Gentile, slave and free, male and female.
It explains why the new covenant cannot coexist with the old and why God had to put it away in AD 70.
It explains why any attempt to preserve an ethnic Israel as a separate covenant people with a separate covenant status now or in the future is simply incompatible with the gospel that the apostles preached.
But we're not finished. In fact, what we've done today is we've only given about a fourth of the case.
I want to knock this one out of the park. So we've got to come back and we've got to do part two, which is going to continue the biblical foundation for this doctrine.
It's going to continue how Christ is the true Israel and how the church is the covenant people of God and how the land is expanded to the world.
And it's going to cover a whole lot more than that, especially when we get to episode three, where we're talking about Romans 11, because that verse, if we can get that verse right, the entire doctrine falls into place.
So if you will join me back here next time as we take up part two, which is going to be the prophetic, historical and theological case for supersessionism.
And until next time, God richly bless you. See you again next time on the podcast.