A World of Idols - Tim Keller — From the Pulpit & Classic Sermons

Welcome to From the Pulpit and Classic Sermons. Each week we bring you a different message from some of history's greatest speakers in the Christian faith and powerful sermons from modern preachers too.

This week we have Tim.

Paul's Idolatry Analysis in Athens

Keller with his message, A World of Idols. Acts 17, 16 to 21. While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, he was greatly distressed to see that the city was full of idols. So he reasoned in the synagogue with the Jews and the God-fearing Greeks, as well as in the marketplace day by day with those who happen to be there.

A group of Epicurean and Stoic philosophers began to dispute with him. Some of them asked, what is this babbler trying to say? Others remarked, he seems to be advocating foreign gods. And they said this because Paul was preaching the good news about Jesus and the resurrection.

Then they took him and brought him to a meeting of the Areopagus where they said to him, may we know what this new teaching is that you are presenting? You're bringing some strange ideas to our ears and we want to know what they mean.

All the Athenians and the foreigners who live there spent their time doing nothing but talking about and listening to the latest ideas. This is God's Word. Now in our series here that we've been doing in the morning on the church, last week we came to talk about how the gospel, the essential message of Jesus Christ, changes us on the inside, how it revolutionizes us on the inside.

And if we end there, I think modern people can really get into that. They say that's great. Surely you notice that the newspaper articles are telling you that the supposedly secular city is filled with people who want to be spiritual.

Spirituality is a big thing. And people want now in a way that's surprising a lot of folks. People are reaching out and saying, I need spirituality. But when I listen, and this is an oversimplification of course, but when I listen to people talk about it, from what I can tell it goes like this.

By spirituality they mean I want an inward center. I want an inward peace. I want to be suffused with a sense of meaning and the sacred. I need that inward strength so that I can reach my goals, so that I can follow my agenda.

Now the problem is that Christianity doesn't actually fit into that model. And we mustn't listen to the Christian message in a way that tries to work it in. It doesn't fit in that model. Because Christianity though on the one hand is definitely inward transformation.

It's a whole new agenda. It's not a way of helping you get to your agenda. It's a whole new agenda. Put it this way. I think most people think of religion like this illustration. Most people think of religion like this.

Imagine you're in a room. It's a party. There's 20 people at the party and you're supposed to get out there and mix and you just don't have it. You don't have the energy. You don't have the desire. You don't have the love.

You don't have the confidence. And so you say how am I going to do that? And God comes up and he touches you. And now you go out into the party. Now you can meet people. Now you have joy. Now you have energy you see.

Now you're ready to mix and do the things you want to do. That's not how Christianity understands what the touch of God means. Christianity would say yeah you're at a party and you look out there's 20 people and you're sitting here and you're real upset because you just don't have what it takes.

And God comes up and touches you and you feel inwardly renewed. But when you look out there now you see 80 people. 60 people who were were invisible now are visible. And you see in the former approach the difference between a person who's been touched by God and a person who is not touched by God.

This person who's touched by God is out there meeting people and the person who's not touched by God is sort of sitting there needs inward strength. But Christianity would say you don't just get it when God touches you a kind of inward strength but you get a whole new way of seeing everything.

Everything. You can't listen to music the way you did before. You can't relate to other cultures the way you did before. You can't look at yourself the way you did before but you can't relate to other people the way you did before.

You relate to your government different. You relate to your neighborhood different. You relate to your job different. Everything changes. And actually the difference between a person who's been touched by God and a person who's not touched by God it's not a matter of just inner energy.

It's a matter of worldview. I'll go further. It's a matter of sanity. Because if you haven't been touched by God you look at the people who have and they're walking around and they're getting joy out of parts of the room that look to you like thin air.

And they're filled with joy because they're hearing and they're seeing something and you don't see it at all. And they're avoiding areas that you walk right through and then you fall down and you say what happened?

Christianity does not just inwardly change you but it transforms not just inside but it transforms the way in which you relate to every part of the world. Now to understand that is important for everybody here.

If you're a Christian you say yeah I've heard you say that. What is that? How do I do that? And I will try to give you some principles today. What does it mean that Christianity transforms absolutely everything about my life?

Modern people think religion is for the private world. Christianity will not never do such a thing. Christianity says when you're touched by God it's deeply personal but it's not at all private. It changes everything.

Understanding Christianity on Its Own Terms

So if you're a Christian you need to know that. Now if you're not sure you're a Christian or you're sure you're not a Christian, if you're not sure what you believe or you're sure you don't believe, here's my suggestion to you.

Please listen. It's very important and here's why. I can say this without fear of contradiction. I can definitely make this case if you but I don't have the time to. The vast majority of people who don't believe in Christianity have radically inaccurate ideas of what Christianity is.

The vast majority of people who say I've had it with Christianity or I'm not interested or I'm just indifferent to Christianity. They don't know what they're indifferent to and what that means is that's very dangerous.

It means you don't know what you're rejecting and I would think there's nobody here that wouldn't want to know what it is they're indifferent to. No intellectual integrity. It's very dangerous and therefore if you're here you need to listen to understand what Christianity is.

It's a very important way of understanding it because almost always we take our modern categories and we take our modern views and we hear Christian lingo or we hear Christian talk and we work it into our category say ah it's just like that but it's not.

Now the best way to understand how Christianity doesn't just change you on the inside but changes your relationship with everything in the world is by looking how Paul reacts in this very famous place in time.

St. Paul, let's just take a look under these headings. Where he went, how he felt, what he saw, and what he did. Okay. Where he went, what he saw, how, pardon me, where he went, what he felt, you know how he felt excuse me, you know I've got my, you know, went, saw, went, felt, saw, and did.

The Gospel in the Public Marketplace

First of all, where he went. Look, we're just gonna look at these first few verses. In verse 17, he went not just to the place where people were worshiping the Jews and the God-fearing Gentiles, not just the place where the God of the Bible was worshipped, but he went into the marketplace day by day.

That's where he went with his faith, into the marketplace. What do we mean? Well, you know, one of the problems we have here is this word marketplace is just not going to evoke the reality because we don't have such a thing anymore.

Not really. It's the agora, the marketplace in Athens. Now, what do we know about that? First of all, you have to remember this. Athens was the cultural capital of the world at that time. Yes, it had been, it wasn't the power capital anymore because Rome had taken over Greece, but it was still the intellectual capital, it was still the cultural capital.

And in the midst of Athens, there was the marketplace, the agora. And one commentator puts it this way, on or just off the marketplace were temples, law courts, state offices, public archives, libraries, shops, concert halls, dance halls, gymnasiums, theaters, and galleries.

Now, who was there? Everybody. And it's because there was no technology, really, everybody was there. You had the town officials and judges deliberating. You had artists creating. You had the stock market right there, businessmen and businessmen, I guess, were making all their deals.

You had the media because you didn't have newspapers, and therefore, you had to go face-to-face and listen to the heralds. You had the philosophers debating. Why? You didn't have journals. You know, you couldn't work out your particular field of thought through journals debating back and forth.

You had to go to the marketplace. You had to have face-to-face debates. You didn't have a stock market. You didn't have computers. You didn't have telephones. You had to go and actually make the deal.

Everything happened in the marketplace. We have nothing like it anymore. And therefore, this was the public space. This was the center of what set all… because it wasn't just wares. The marketplace was not just a place you shop for food.

This is not a shopping mall. This was a place you shopped for everything. This was the marketplace of ideas. This was the marketplace of philosophies. This was the marketplace of business. This was the marketplace of everything, the marketplace for art.

This is the marketplace for everything, everything happened here. And because it was Athens, maybe there's only three marketplaces in the whole Greco-Roman world, probably Rome and Athens and Alexandria, these are the three marketplaces that most had effect on the culture and society of the whole Greco-Roman world, and Paul goes there with his faith.

Paul goes there. Now this doesn't make sense to modern people because our idea is religion is something, your faith is something for your private world. It's something that keeps you happy and gives you inward peace, but you do not bring it to the marketplace.

Now of course that's not at all what the Bible does. It's not what the Bible says at all. In Proverbs chapter one, there's a great place where Paul must have known this when he did this. Back in Proverbs chapter one, what do we read?

God says, my truth is just for the insides, it just helps you in your private life, it gives you meaning. No. What does the Bible say? Wisdom cries aloud in the streets. In the market, she raises her voice.

At the head of the noisy streets, she cries out. At the entrance to the city gates, she makes her speech. Now you see, why? The reason that this was a shock and is a shock today is because we're pagans again.

See, paganism says everybody's got their own little territorial God. You know, there's a God of Ephesus, there's a God of Athens, there's a God for, you know, for business people, there's a God for fishermen, there's a God for this.

Everybody's got their own God, and because everybody's got their own God, that's fine, but you don't tell somebody, you know, the God…. If you're worshiping the God of the fishermen, you don't go and tell the businessman how to live.

And if you're worshiping the God of Ephesus, you don't tell the God of, you know, the Athenians how to live, and therefore everybody's got their own God, and that's how we see it again today. But if there's a God who's not the emanation of some aspect of creation, if there's a God who is the creator of everything, just now think, this is just logic.

Let's not talk about what's narrow or not. This is just logic. If there is a God who's created everything, then that God would have to be Lord over every area including the marketplace. You wouldn't have, you couldn't keep this God in a private place.

And so Paul moves on out with his faith, into the marketplace, into the world of ideas, into the public realm. He raises his voice. He talks every day, day by day. In other words, he says, shoppers. In a place where people shop for everything, he says shoppers.

This is the way. Turn away from the empty. Turn away from the ephemeral. Turn away from the superficial. Turn away from the partial. Turn to the substantial. Turn to the permanent. All that is not eternal is eternally out of date.

I guess that was C .S. Lewis, but maybe Paul said it first. That's what's going on here. The Athenians were just one of the latest fad, and Paul says all that is not eternal is eternally out of date. All that is not substantial, all that is not universal, he said, you know, put it aside.

Shoppers, this is the way. And therefore, he was lifting up Christianity in the public place. Now, that's the first point. Your faith is for every part of your life. It's for the way you work. It's for the way you relate to other cultures.

It's the way you participate and get enriched through art, the way you watch a movie. It's part of everything. Now, let's move on. You're going to say, well, how do I work that out? But let's just, for a second, let me just remind you this first point, and that is that that's the way to do it.

Put it this way. Somebody's going to say, and I, you know, I thought about this. I said, well, the trouble is Paul is a preacher. And so when Paul takes the faith into the marketplace, we see what he's doing here.

But how does that help me? I'm not a preacher. And that is a problem. Let me give you another example, though, just to show you that the principle, though it has to be worked out in everybody's particulars, the principle is the same.

Naaman's Faith in a Pagan Culture

In 2 Kings chapter 5, there's this great story of Naaman, who was the military prime minister of Syria. And he was a pagan, but he was also a leper. And he comes to Israel, and he finds healing through the God of Israel and through the prophet Elisha.

And then we get to the place where he says to Elisha, now I know there is no God except in Israel. And then what happens? Now, what's he going to do? He's discovered the true God, and he's received his healing, both on the outside, really, and on the inside.

Now, what is he going to do? Now, there's two things Naaman does not do. And you can go back and read them, and what he does do, and I'm going to tell you. But it's worth pondering, and the reason it's so shocking is because virtually none of us get this balanced down.

The first thing he doesn't do is he doesn't say, Elisha, let me stay here. There's nothing but dirty pagans back there, idolaters. And he says, you know what my job is? As the military prime minister, every week I have to go with the king.

The king is on my arm, and I have to go into the temple of Rimon. And there the king bows down, and I bow down. I can't do anything like that. I can never set foot in that temple anymore. I know the true God.

Therefore, can I stay here with just believers? He doesn't do that. Nor on the other side does he say, well, you know what? No problem. I now have my healing. God has touched me, and it won't make any difference.

I'll go back. I'll do my job. There won't be any difference. I can keep it to myself. There's no reason to rock the boat. He doesn't do that either. He neither avoids his culture, nor capitulates to his culture.

He neither runs away from his culture, nor does he privatize his faith away from his culture. You know what he says? Now, this is something that I think both believers and non-believers are shocked at when they hear.

What does he say? He says to Elisha, the prophet, he says, may the Lord forgive me. This is Naaman talking. May the Lord forgive me when my master, the king, goes into the temple of Rimon to bow down and is leaning on my arm, and I bow there also.

May the Lord forgive me. Here's what I will do. Give me enough dirt as two mules can carry so that your servant will never make burnt offerings and sacrifices to any other God but the Lord. Now, I love this because it's so absolutely particular that nobody can dare copy it.

You're just going to have to go to the principle. It's so easy to be wooden when it comes to the Bible and miss the principle. Here's what he's saying. He is saying, I am going to do my job. I'm the prime minister, and that's part of my job.

But when I go in there, I'm going to have some dirt from Israel, and my servants are going to spread it, and I'm going to kneel down so that everyone who sees knows that I am sacrificing the God of Israel.

Now, somebody would say, oh, is that superstition? No, no, no, no, no. The dirt is not superstition. It's witness. It's a symbol. It's a witness. Here's what he's saying. He's saying, I'm going to do my job, but I'm going to let everyone know, and that's my way of showing people.

People are going to ask me about it. I'm going to tell them that I don't serve the way I used to serve. Everything I'm doing, I'm doing out of honor for the true God. I am still the prime minister, and that will affect the way he does his work, and I'll get to that in a second.

But here's the point. He neither privatizes his faith, nor does he run away and stay away. He doesn't run from his culture, and he doesn't capitulate to his culture. He took his faith into his public life.

He took his faith into the marketplace. Now, somebody's going to say, oh, see, nobody's going to do that. You're going to have to work it out yourself. That was his way. Paul's doing his way. You have to do your way.

I don't know why in the world people say, oh, yeah, you're Christians. You believe the Bible. You like pat answers. Pat answers? The Bible doesn't give you pat answers. Bible creates problems for you.

Don't you feel it? If you take the Bible seriously, are you walking out here saying, oh, I have to do—you don't even—you say, oh, my gosh, I now see what I've got to do, but I'm going to have to work it out.

I'm going to have to be creative. I'm going to have to have wisdom. It's going to take me all of my life to figure out how to do this. Pat answers. I'll tell you what a pat answer is. A pat answer is to say there's no truth.

A pat answer is to say there's no truth, so basically whatever feels good, you can just sort of go with the flow. That's a pat answer. That takes no creativity. That takes no innovation, you see. There's no calling.

There's no pressure. There's no intensity. That's a pat answer. Another kind of pat answer, of course, is on the other side and saying if you want to witness in your public life, here's exactly what you do.

Every one of you, 2 ,000 of you, take these five things. That's the other pat answer. Bible doesn't do either. Paul goes into the marketplace. That's where he goes. Now, somebody's going to say, okay, tell me, how do I do this?

Discerning God's Will Through Christian Character

And the answer is there's three, but they're mainly principles. Here's what you get. First of all, look at Paul Felt. He was greatly distressed. Now, the first thing I'm going to tell you by way of practical application is this.

The Bible, when you go to the Bible, some of us are so practical that we're impractical, and we miss what the Bible says. In general, when you ask the Bible for guidance, when you say, I need guidance.

I need to make this and that decision. I need to know whether I should go to school or not go to school. I need to know whether I should marry this person or not marry this person. I need to know this.

I need guidance. How do I do it? And in general, the Bible does not tell you how to get God's guidance. It tells you the kind of person that discerns the will of God. Now, we don't like this. We're very Western.

You say, how can I face death? How can I face suffering? How can I have the wisdom? How can I understand these things? And the Bible continually says, here's the kind of character. Here's the kind of heart.

Here's the kind of person that works through these things. And you say, but I need this tomorrow. And it says, wait a minute, the kind of person, character, you're talking about reflection. You're talking about prayer.

You're talking about habits of heart. You're talking about time. And I need this tomorrow. How Western. How sad. So let's get started. It probably means that you won't be ready for tomorrow. But if you don't get started now, you won't be ready for next year or the year after that or the year after that.

And most of you are young. Now, look, the first thing we learn here is Paul had deeply complex feelings. John Stott, a commentator on the book of Acts, in this passage, he says, the reason we can't speak the way Paul speaks is because we can't see the way Paul sees.

And the reason we can't see the way Paul sees is because we don't feel what Paul feels. The feelings, now I know this is going to be incredible for some of you to hear a Presbyterian talk about feelings.

But the first principle is, you must have the feelings Paul had if you're going to be effective in the marketplace. Now, the trouble with this word, it's a word that is kind of hard to translate. And every translation will do it differently.

If I give it to you in the Greek, the literal Greek doesn't help much because it's the word paroxysmus, from which we get our word paroxysm, which means a seizure. And that tells us something about the depth of the feeling.

It doesn't really tell us about the nature of the feeling. A lot of people think it means he was just simply angry. That's if you do a careful study, that this word tends to be associated in the Old Testament, in the Greek Old Testament, with places where it talks about how God feels when He sees people worshiping idols.

But when God says, this provokes me, when He talks about His feelings, He says, the reason I am so provoked, the reason I am so distressed is because I am a jealous God. Now, people really react to the places in the Bible where it says God is jealous because when we think of jealousy, we think of the kind of selfish jealousy.

We think of the proud jealousy that says, I don't like you because you've got something I want. But there's a healthy jealousy. There's a pure jealousy. There really is. In fact, the biblical word for jealousy, the idea of a jealous God, I think we know it, but it is so profound because it shows us that love is not just sweet feelings but thunderous feelings.

If you love somebody, and you see them ruining their life, or if you love somebody, and you see somebody wooing them in the wrong direction, you don't just say, oh, you get mad. Listen, the opposite of love is not anger.

The opposite of love is indifference. And anybody who's ever been deeply in love just filled with love for somebody or something knows that there's a sweetness, you're melted, you're filled with compassion, and you're filled with indignation all the time, all the time.

If you've loved children, if you've loved a spouse, if you've loved parents, it's both. And you see, the reason that God says, I am continually provoked in my heart when I see you worshiping idols, that's because that's the complexity of love.

On the one hand, he's outraged at the dishonor, but on the other hand, jealousy means, I love you. I want you in my arms. I don't want you in the arms of that. And when Paul was filled with…. See, this is all in this word, greatly distressed.

Paul has a deeply, deeply complex and very strong mixture of both indignation and compassion, and it's both, it's both, it's both. And you've got to have both. See, on the one hand, you can see the compassion, because the word….

What did he do out there in the marketplace? Did he get up? Did he say, you dirty idolaters? It says he reasoned, he dialogued. And he did such a good job, actually, that he was invited in to talk to the Areopagus, which was the….

These were the philosophers. These were the culture brokers. And if you go ahead, and we didn't do it, if you read, you'll see that his speech starts off very civilly, very, very respectfully. So there was compassion, there was gentleness, but there's also indignation.

And here's why Paul was effective. If you're not filled with indignation, you will not have the courage to do what he did. And if you are only filled with indignation, you won't have the gentleness. You won't be able to give people the impression that you care about them.

You won't be able to get into their questions. You won't be able to understand them. They won't feel respected. They'll turn you right off. Do you remember the place in John chapter 11 where Jesus comes to Mary and Martha, whose brother Lazarus just died?

One of the most astounding insights is that I got when I listened to a tape on this once was that Jesus walks up to Mary, and Mary says, if you had been here, he'd be alive. And he wept. That's all Jesus did.

He just wept. And Martha comes up to him and says the same thing. If you had been here, my brother, he'd be alive. And Jesus says, I am the life. In one case, he's filled with tears. In the other case, he gives a stern lecture.

And here's why. Jesus Christ is a man just as much made of truth as of tears. And that's not true of the rest of us. We've all got our temperaments. Some of us are full of sweetness, and some of us are full of thunder, but nobody does them both good.

Some of us are great at the ministry of tears. Some of us are great at the ministry of truth. And here's what I want you to know, that if you are only one or the other, if you're only indignant or compassionate, you won't change anybody's life, and you'll go out in the marketplace, and you'll be utterly ineffective.

The Cross Produces Holy Jealousy and Compassion

Oh, what's the solution? Let me just say something to both Christians and to people who are not sure where they stand. First of all, Christians, I want you to know something. If you go by your natural proclivity, if you follow your natural temperament here, you will be ineffective, and you won't make good choices in the marketplace.

You know, ninety-eight percent of everything we say publicly, ninety-eight percent of all our public expressions of Christianity in the public realm are either obnoxious or cowardly. And Paul was neither, because he was filled with holy, loving jealousy.

And we're not. We're either too afraid to open our mouths, we're too cowardly, or else, when we do, we're obnoxious. We're filled with either indignation or compassion. You say, well, how in the world do we overcome that?

And the answer is this. Paul told the Corinthians when he first—this is how Paul must have done it. Paul said to the Corinthians, when I first came to you, he said, I was filled with fear and trembling, which is, by the way, the first right thing.

But he says, and I resolved to know nothing but Christ and Him crucified when I was among you. Paul looked at the cross. He burned it into his heart. Now, somebody says, why? What does that mean? I'll tell you why.

The cross is the only spot in any religion that shows us, on the one hand, a God so utterly and completely and relentlessly and absolutely and infallibly holy that He has to pour out wrath and divine justice on evil and sin.

And at the very same time, the cross shows us a God who is so absolutely and completely and utterly and relentlessly and perfectly and infallibly loving that He'd do it on His own Son rather than lose us.

And if you don't have a cross in your understanding, if you say, well, I don't understand the cross or I don't believe in the cross, if you don't have a cross in your religion, you will either have a moralistic religion or a relativistic religion.

You will either have a God who's very demanding and that's it, you know, live up or else. Or you'll have a God who's so completely accepting but whose love for us cost Him not a thing. And moralistic or relativistic view of God, a thundering, thunder religion or sweetheart religion, never has changed anybody, never.

Only the cross, only the gospel that Jesus Christ had to die, God's that holy, and Jesus Christ had to die, He's that loving. And when that is burned into Paul's heart, it turns him into the thing that basically we're not.

Now you say, I thought you were going to tell me how. No, I said, sometimes we're so practical, we're impractical. The Bible says this is the kind of person who will make smart decisions out there, a person filled with holy jealousy, loving zeal, somebody who thinks so highly of God and so highly of people that he wants them in each other's arms.

And he's outraged and he is brokenhearted until he sees it. That's what you've got to do. Now, I said I want to say something here to people who aren't sure you believe. Do you know fanatics? I guess you do.

I understand the latest polls show that 75 of Americans would not like to have a fundamentalist living as their next-door neighbor. And, you know, considering what I think most people think of when they think of the word fundamentalist, I probably would say the same thing, you know.

I would probably check the same thing. But here's what I want you to think of. Surely you've been turned off by Christians who are clumsy in their expression, who are harsh, who are, you know, sounded condemning, and so forth.

And you see people say, I'm a Christian, and they do things like that. Now, what do you think the solution is? You're absolutely right to be turned off. You're absolutely right to be upset. What do you think the solution is?

And the reason I'm bringing this up is because I'm using this as a little learning tool for you. I think what's very typical is people say, yeah, the gospel, yes, Jesus Christ, that's fine, that's fine, but don't go overboard.

That's fine, the gospel, cross, Jesus, fine, but be more moderate. Don't go overboard. Fanatics are people who go too far. No. See, this shows that you don't understand Christianity. I'm not saying you've got to accept it here today.

I wish you would. But I do insist you understand it. Anybody who says they're a Christian and is harsh or condemning, their problem is not because they're too fanatically devoted to the gospel, but they're not fanatically devoted enough.

Because the real gospel that I just gave you, the only place, the only religion, the only spot that we see a God who is not more fundamentally holy than fundamentally loving, anybody who understands the real gospel, that turns you into somebody who's both thundering and sweet, somebody who is absolutely gentle because, look, look at Jesus, somebody who's a fanatic in the sense of being harsh, you know, the person you're worried about, that person isn't too much like Jesus.

They're not enough like Jesus. They see the Jesus who says, I'm Lord of heaven and earth, but they don't see the Jesus who says, a bruised reed I will not break, a low burning candle I will not snuff out in my ministry to you.

They, you see, they see a moralistic or relative, they don't see the whole picture. And you know what? Martin Luther King understood this. Martin Luther King stood up against racism, and how did he do it?

Boy, every New Yorker loves Martin Luther King. I wish they'd listen to him. What did Martin Luther King say? Did he get up and he say, you know the trouble with racism, you know why, how we can deal with racism?

People are too religious. You're overly religious, you know, you're overly into this Christianity. We need to get rid of that. That'll get rid of bigotry. Absolutely not. What did he say? He said racism is not in line with the gospel.

He said to the churches of the South, he says, you're not being true to the gospel. He said, get more gospel oriented. He said, go to Jesus more, be more fanatically like Jesus Christ. You see, he understood.

Anybody who looks harsh, and probably they are, and condemning, and you say they need less of religion, maybe they need less of various religions, but not of Christianity, they need more. And if you think a person who is absolutely sold out for the gospel, if you think a person who is, in a sense, obsessed with what Jesus Christ has done for us on the cross is a boring person, if you think that person is insensitive, is harsh, is going to always make you feel small, you haven't met one who really has.

It's not that they're too fanatical, they're not fanatical enough. Those are the people who are effective in the marketplace, okay? Then secondly, I said, the first thing, if you want to be effective there, you've got to feel what Paul feels.

Why did I just spend so much time on it? Because I think, frankly, the rest will take care of itself, but not quite. Then secondly, you have to see what Paul sees. Where did he go? The marketplace. What did he feel?

Holy jealousy, deep complexity, indignation and compassion. Then what did he see? He saw idols under everything. Now, you say, well, of course he saw idols. He was distressed because he saw idols. Heck, you go to Athens today, you'll see idols everywhere.

There's Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty. There's Ares, the goddess of power and war. There's Apollos, the god of music and art. There's Bacchus, the god of fraternities. And you can go to all of these, and you say, well, of course, they were out there.

There were statues. You know, everybody could see them. There were statues. They were all there. It took you a minute, didn't it? Yeah? About three? I thought about it. Anyway, but that's not what the word see is.

See, the text could easily have said see. It could have used a simple Greek word for see, blepo, or something, you know, just take a look. But it's the word that Luke uses to describe what Paul was doing there is the word theoreo, the word to theorize, to get underneath.