Heaven and Hell — C.H. Spurgeon

The Prince of Preachers Charles Haddon Spurgeon has been called England's greatest contribution to the spread of the gospel in the 19th century. One of his contemporaries said that the chief secret of Spurgeon's attractiveness was the fact that in every sermon, no matter what the text or the occasion, he explained the way of salvation in simple terms.

Spurgeon's messages remain one of the great treasure houses of Christian literature, still bringing the light of the gospel and the comfort of the scriptures to hungry souls long after the preacher has passed into glory.

This is Charles Kelsch inviting you to listen to a message from The Prince of Preachers. C. H. Spurgeon preached this message on September 4, 1855, in a field on King Edward's Road, Hackney. The title is Heaven and Hell.

The Promise and Warning of Matthew 8

The text is from Matthew 8, verses 11 and 12. And I say unto you, that many shall come from the east and the west, and shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness.

There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. This is a land where plain speaking is allowed, and where people are willing to afford a fair hearing to anyone who can tell them that which is worth their attention.

Tonight I am quite certain of an attentive audience, for I know you too well to suppose otherwise. This field, as you are all aware, is private property, and I would just give a suggestion to those who go out in the open air to preach, that it is far better to get into a field, or a plot of unoccupied ground, than to block up the roads and stop business.

It is moreover far better to be somewhere under protection, so that we can at once prevent disturbance. Tonight I shall, I hope, encourage you to seek the road to heaven. I shall also have to utter some very sharp things concerning the end of the lost in the pit of hell.

Upon both these subjects I will try and speak, as God helps me. But I beseech you, as you love your souls, weigh right and wrong this night. See whether what I say be the truth of God. If it be not, reject it utterly and cast it away.

But if it is, at your peril disregard it. For as you shall answer before God, the great Judge of heaven and earth, it will go ill with you, if the words of His servant and of His Scripture be despised.

My text has two parts. The first is very agreeable to my mind, and gives me pleasure. The second is terrible in the extreme. But since they are both the truth, they must be preached. The first part of my text is, I say unto you, that many shall come from the east and the west, and shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.

The sentence which I call the black, dark, and threatening part is this. But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Let us take the first part.

Heaven as a Land of Rest

Here is a most glorious promise. I will read it again. Many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. I like that text, because it tells me what heaven is, and gives me a beautiful picture of it.

It says it is a place where I shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. Oh, what a sweet thought that is for the working man! He often wipes the hot sweat from his face, and he wonders whether there is a land where he shall have to toil no longer.

He scarcely ever eats a mouthful of bread that is not moistened with the sweat of his brow. Often he comes home weary, and flings himself upon his couch, perhaps too tired to sleep. He says, Oh, is there no land where I can rest?

Is there no place where I can sit, and for once let these weary limbs be still? Is there no land where I can be quiet? Yes, thou son of toil and labor, there is a happy land, far, far away, where toil and labor are unknown.

Beyond yon blue sky there is a city fair and bright. Its walls are jasper, and its light is brighter than the sun. There the weary are at rest, and the wicked cease from troubling. Immortal spirits are yonder, who never wipe sweat from their brow, for they sow not, neither do they reap.

They have not to toil and labor. There on a green and flowery mount their wearied souls shall sit, and with transporting joys recount the labors of their feet. To my mind, one of the best views of heaven is that it is a land of rest, especially to the working man.

Those who have not to work hard think they will love heaven as a place of service. That is very true. But to the working man, to the man who toils with his brain or with his hands, it must ever be a sweet thought that there is a land where we shall rest.

Soon this voice will never be strained again. Soon these lungs will never have to exert themselves beyond their power. Soon this brain shall not be racked for thought, but I shall sit at the banquet table of God.

Yea, I shall recline on the bosom of Abraham, and be at ease for ever. O weary sons and daughters of Adam, you will not have to drive the ploughshare into the unthankful soil in heaven. You will not need to rise to daily toils before the sun has risen, and labor still when the sun hath long ago gone to his rest.

But ye shall be still, ye shall be quiet, ye shall rest yourselves, for all are rich in heaven, all are happy there, all are peaceful. Toil, trouble, travail and labor are words that cannot be spelled in heaven.

They have no such things there, for they always rest. And mark the good company they sit with. They are to sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. Some people think that in heaven we shall know nobody.

But our text declares here that we shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. Then I am sure that we shall be aware that they are Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. I have heard of a good woman who asked her husband when she was dying, My dear, do you think you will know me when you and I get to heaven?

Shall I know you, he said? Why, I have always known you while I have been here. And do you think I shall be a greater fool when I get to heaven? I think it was a very good answer. If we have known one another here, we shall know one another there.

I have dear departed friends up there, and it is always a sweet thought to me that when I shall put my foot, as I hope I may, upon the threshold of heaven, there will come my sisters and brothers to clasp me by the hand and say, Yes, thou lovest one, and thou art here.

Dear relatives that have been separated, you will meet again in heaven. One of you has lost a mother. She is gone above. And if you will follow the track of Jesus, you shall meet her there. Methinks I see yet another coming to meet you at the door of paradise, and though the ties of natural affection may be in a measure forgotten, I may be allowed to use a figure.

How blessed would she be as she turned to God and said, Here am I and the children that thou hast given me. We shall recognize our friends. Husband, you will know your wife again. Mother, you will know those dear babes of yours.

You mark their features when they lay panting and gasping for breath. You know how ye hung over their graves when the cold sod was sprinkled over them, and it was said, earth to earth, dust to dust, and ashes to ashes.

But ye shall hear those loved voices again. Ye shall hear those sweet voices once more. For ye shall yet know that those whom ye loved have been loved by God. Would not that be a dreary heaven for us to inhabit, where we should be alike unknowing and unknown?

I would not care for such a heaven as that. I believe that heaven is a fellowship of the saints, and that we shall know one another there. I have often thought I should love to see Isaiah, and as soon as I get to heaven, methinks I would ask for him, because he spoke more of Jesus Christ than all the rest.

I am sure I should want to find out George Whitefield, he who so continually preached to the people and wore himself out with a more than seraphic zeal. Oh yes, we shall have choice company in heaven when we get there.

There will be no distinction of learned and unlearned, clergy and laity, but we shall walk freely one among another. We shall feel that we are brethren. We shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob.

I have heard of a lady who was visited by a minister on her deathbed, and she said to him, I want to ask you one question, now I am about to die. Well, said the minister, what is it? Oh, she said, in a very affected way, I want to know if there are two places in heaven, because I could not bear that Betsy in the kitchen should be in heaven along with me.

She is so unrefined. The minister turned round and said, Oh, don't trouble yourself about that, madam. There is no fear of that, for until you get rid of your accursed pride, you will never enter heaven at all.

We must all get rid of our pride. We must come down and stand on equality in the sight of God and see in every man a brother, before we can hope to be found in glory. Ay, we bless God. We thank Him that we'll sit down no separate tables for one another.

The Jew and the Gentile will sit down together. The great and the small shall feed in the same pasture. And we shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. But my text has a yet greater depth of sweetness, for it says that many shall come and sit down.

The Great Multitude of the Saved

Some narrow-minded bigots think that heaven will be a very small place, where there will be very few people who went to their chapel or their church. I confess I have no wish for a very small heaven and love to read in the Scriptures that there are many mansions in my Father's house.

How often do I hear people say, Ah, straight is the gate and narrow is the way, and few there be that find it. There will be very few in heaven. There will be most lost. My friend, I differ from you. Do you think that Christ will let the devil beat Him?

That He will let the devil have more in hell than there will be in heaven? No, it is impossible. For then Satan would laugh at Christ. There will be more in heaven than there are among the lost. God says that there will be a number that no man can number who will be saved.

But He never says that there will be a number that no man can number that will be lost. There will be a host beyond all count who will get into heaven. What glad tidings for you and me! For if there are so many to be saved, why should not I be saved?

Why should not you? Why should not you, man over there in the crowd, say, Cannot I be one among the multitude? And may not that poor woman there take heart and say, Well, if there were but half a dozen saved, I might fear that I should not be one.

But since many are, why should I not be saved? Cheer up, disconsolate! Cheer up, son of mourning, child of sorrow! There is hope for thee still. I can never know that any man is past God's grace. There be a few that have sinned that sin that is unto death, and God gives them up.

But the vast host of mankind are yet within the reach of sovereign mercy. And many of them shall come from the east and from the west, and shall sit down in the kingdom of heaven. Look at my text again, and you will see where these people come from.

They are to come from the east and west. The Jews said they would all come from Palestine, every one of them, every man, woman, and child, that there would not be one in heaven that was not a Jew. And the Pharisees thought that if they were not all Pharisees, they could not be saved.

But Jesus Christ said there will be many that will come from the east and from the west. There will be a multitude from that far-off land of China, for God is doing a great work there, and we hope that the gospel will yet be victorious in that land.

There will be a multitude from this western land of England, from the western country beyond the sea in America, and from the south in Australia, and from the north in Canada, Siberia, and Russia. From the uttermost parts of the earth there shall come many to sit down in the kingdom of God.

But I do not think this text is to be understood so much geographically as spiritually. When it says that they shall come from the east and west, I think it does not refer to nations particularly, but to different kinds of people.

Now the east and the west signify those who are the very furthest off from religion. Yet many of them will be saved and get to heaven. There is a class of persons who will always be looked upon as hopeless.

Many a time have I heard a man or woman say of such a one, He cannot be saved. He is too abandoned. What is he good for? Ask him to go to a place of worship? He was drunk on Saturday night. What would be the use of reasoning with him?

There is no hope for him. He is a hardened fellow. See what he has done these many years. What good will it be to speak to him? Now hear this, ye who think your fellows worse than yourselves, ye who condemn others, whereas ye are often just as guilty.

Jesus Christ says, Many shall come from the east and west. There will be many in heaven that were drunkards once. I believe among that blood-bought throng there are many who reeled in and out of the tavern half their lifetime.

But by the power of divine grace they were able to dash the liquor cup to the ground. They renounced the riot of intoxication, fled away from it, and served God. Yes, there will be many in heaven who were drunkards on earth.

There will be many harlots. Some of the most abandoned will be found there. You remember the story of Whitefield once saying that there would be some in heaven who were the devil's castaways, some that the devil would hardly think good enough for him, and yet whom Christ would save.

Lady Huntington once gently hinted that such language was not quite proper. But just at the time there happened to be heard a ring at the bell, and Whitefield went downstairs. Afterwards he came up and said, Your Ladyship, what do you think a poor woman had to say to me just now?

She was a sad profligate, and she said, Oh, Mr. Whitefield, when you were preaching, you told us that Christ would take in the devil's castaways, and I am one of them. And that was the means of her salvation.

Shall anybody ever check us from preaching to the lowest of the low? I have been accused of getting all the rabble of London around me. God bless the rabble! God save the rabble, then, say I! But suppose they are the rabble!

Who need the gospel more than they do? Who require to have Christ preach to them more than they do? We have lots of those who preach to ladies and gentlemen, and we want someone to preach to the rabble in these degenerate days.

Oh, here is comfort for me, for many of the rabble are to come from the East and from the West. Oh, what would you think if you were to see the difference between some that are in heaven and some that shall be there?

There might be found one whose hair hangs across his eyes, his locks are matted, he looks horrible, his bloated eyes start from his face, he grins almost like an idiot, he has drunk away his very brain until life seems to have departed so far as sense and being are concerned.

Yet I would tell you, that man is capable of salvation, and in a few years I might say, Look up yonder! See you that bright star? Discern you that man with a crown of pure gold upon his head? Do you notice that being clad in robes of sapphire and in garments of light?

That is the selfsame man who sat there, a poor, benighted, almost idiotic being. Yet sovereign grace and mercy have saved him. There are none, except those, as I have said before, who have sinned the unpardonable sin, who are beyond God's mercy.

Fetch me out the worst, and still I would preach the gospel to them. Fetch me out the vilest, still would I preach to them, because I recollect my master said, Go ye out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled.

Many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. There is one more word I must notice before I have done with this sweet portion. That is the word, shall.

God's Sovereign Call to Salvation

Oh, I love God's shalls and wills. There is nothing comparable to them. Let a man say shall. What is it good for? I will, says man, and he never performs. I shall, says he, and he breaks his promise. But it is never so with God's shalls.

If he says shall, it shall be. When he says will, it will be. Now he has said here, many shall come. The devil says they shall not come. But they shall come. Their sins say, you can't come. God says, you shall come.

You yourselves say, we won't come. God says, you shall come. Yes, there are some here who are laughing at salvation, who can scoff at Christ and mock the gospel. But I tell you, some of you shall come yet.

What do you say? Can God make me become a Christian? I tell you, yes. For herein rests the power of the gospel. It does not ask your consent, but it gets it. It does not say, will you have it? But it makes you willing in the day of God's power.

Not against your will, but it makes you willing. It shows you its value. And then you fall in love with it. And straightway you run after it and have it. Many people have said, we will not have anything to do with religion.

Yet they have been converted. I have heard of a man who once went to chapel to hear the singing, and as soon as the minister began to preach, he put his fingers in his ears and would not listen. But by and by, some tiny insect settled on his face, so that he was obliged to take one finger out of his ear to brush it away.

Just then the minister said, He that hath ears to hear, let him hear. The man listened, and God met with him at that moment to his soul's conversion. He went out a new man, a changed character. He who came in to laugh, retired to pray.

He who came in to mock, went out to bend his knee in penitence. He who entered to spend an idle hour, went home to spend an hour in devotion with his God. The sinner became a saint, the prophet became a penitent.

Who knows that there may not be some like that here? The gospel wants not your consent. It gets it. It knocks the enmity out of your heart. You say, I do not want to be saved. Christ says, you shall be.

He makes your will turn round. And then you cry, Lord, save, or I perish. Ah, might heaven exclaim, I knew I would make you say that. And then he rejoices over you, because he has changed your will and made you willing in the day of his power.

If Jesus Christ were to stand on this platform tonight, what would many people do with him? Oh, say some, we would make him a king. I do not believe it. They would crucify him again if they had the opportunity.

If he were to come and say, here I am, I love you, will you be saved by me? Not one of you would consent if you were left to your will. If he should look upon you with those eyes before whose power the lion would have crouched, if he spoke with that voice which poured forth a cataract of eloquence like a stream of nectar rolling down from the cliffs above, not a single person would come to be his disciple.

No, it wants the power of the Spirit to make men come to Jesus Christ. He himself said, No man can come to me, except the Father who hath sent me draw him. Ah, we want that. And here we have it. They shall come, they shall come.

Ye may laugh, ye may despise us, but Jesus Christ shall not die for nothing. If some of you reject him, there are some that will not. If there are some that are not saved, others shall be. Christ shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hands.

Some think that Christ died, and yet that some for whom he died will be lost. I never could understand that doctrine. If Jesus my surety bore my griefs and carried my sorrows, I believe myself to be as secure as the angels in heaven.

God cannot ask payment twice. If Christ paid my debt, shall I have to pay it again? No. Free from sin I walk at large, the Savior's blood's my full discharge. At his dear feet content I lay, a sinner saved, and homage pay.

They shall come, they shall come, and not in heaven nor on earth nor in hell can stop them from coming. And now, thou chief of sinners, list one moment while I call thee to Jesus. There is one person here tonight who thinks himself the worst soul that ever lived.

There is one who says to himself, I do not deserve to be called to Christ, I am sure. Soul, I call thee, thou lost, most wretched outcast, this night by authority given me of God, I call thee to come to my Savior.

Some time ago, when I went out into the county court to see what they were doing, I heard a man's name called out, and immediately the man said, make way, make way, they call me, and up he came. Now, I call the chief of sinners tonight, and let him say, make way, make way doubts, make way fears, make way sins, Christ calls me, and if Christ calls me, that is enough.

I'll to his gracious feet approach, whose scepter mercy gives. Perhaps he may command my touch, and then the suppliant lives. I can but perish if I go, I am resolved to try, for if I stay away, I know I must forever die.

But should I die with mercy sought when I the king have tried? That were to die, delightful thought, as a sinner never died. Go and try, my Savior, go and try, my Savior, if he casts you away after you have sought him, tell it in the pit that Christ would not hear you.

But that you shall never be allowed to do. It would dishonor the mercy of the covenant if God were to cast away one penitent sinner. And it shall never be, while it is written, many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.

The Reality of Hell and Outer Darkness

The second part of my text is heartbreaking. I could preach with great delight to myself from the first, but here is a dreary task to my soul, because there are gloomy words here. But, as I have told you, what is written in the Bible must be preached, whether it be gloomy or cheerful.

There are some ministers who would never mention anything about hell. I heard of a minister who once said to his congregation, If you do not love the Lord Jesus Christ, you will be sent to that place which it is not polite to mention.

He ought not to have been allowed to preach again, I am sure, if he could not use plain words. Now, if I saw that house on fire over there, do you think I would stand and say, I believe the operation of combustion is proceeding yonder?

No! I would call out, Fire! Fire! And then everybody would know what I meant. So, if the Bible says, The children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness, am I to stand here and mince the matter at all?

God forbid! We must speak the truth as it is written. It is a terrible truth, for it says, The children of the kingdom shall be cast out. Now, who are those children? I will tell you. The children of the kingdom are those people who are noted for the externals of piety, but who have nothing of the internals of it.

People whom you will see with their Bibles and hymn books, marching off to chapel as religiously as possible, or going to church as devoutly and demurely as they can, looking as somber and serious as parish beetles, and fancying that they are quite sure to be saved, though their heart is not in the matter, nothing but their bodies.

These are the persons who are the children of the kingdom. They have no grace, no life, no Christ, and they shall be cast into outer darkness. Again, these people are the children of pious fathers and mothers.

There is nothing that touches a man's heart, mark you, like talking about his mother. I have heard of a swearing sailor, whom nobody could manage, not even the police, who was always making some disturbance wherever he went.

Once he went into a place of worship, and no one could keep him still. But a gentleman went up and said to him, Jack, you had a mother once. With that, the tears ran down his cheeks. He said, Ah, bless you, sir, I had, and I brought her gray hairs with sorrow to the grave, and a pretty fellow I am to be here tonight.

He then sat down, quite sobered and subdued by the very mention of his mother. Ah, there are some of you, children of the kingdom, who can remember your mothers. Your mother took you on her knee and taught you early to pray.

Your father tutored you in the ways of godliness, and yet you are here tonight without grace in your heart, without hope of heaven. You are going downwards towards hell as fast as your feet can carry you.

There are some of you who have broken your poor mother's heart. Oh, if I could tell you what she has suffered for you, when you have at night been indulging in your sin. Do you know what your guilt will be, ye children of the kingdom, if you perish after a pious mother's prayers and tears have fallen upon you?

I can conceive of no one entering hell with a worse grace than the man who goes there with the drops of his mother's tears on his head, and with his father's prayers following him at his heels. Some of you will inevitably endure this doom.

Some of you young men and women shall wake up one day and find yourselves in outer darkness, while your parents shall be up there in heaven, looking down upon you with abrading eyes, seeming to say, What?

After all we did for you, all we said, are ye come to this? Children of the kingdom, do not think that a pious mother can save you. Do not think because your father was a member of such and such a church that his godliness will save you.

I can suppose someone standing at heaven's gates and demanding, Let me in! Let me in! What for? Because my mother is in there. Your mother had nothing to do with you. If she was holy, she was holy for herself.

If she was evil, she was evil for herself. But my grandfather prayed for me. That is no use. Did you pray for yourself? No. I did not. Then grandfather's prayers and grandmother's prayers and father's and mother's prayers may be piled on top of one another till they reach the stars, but they never can make a ladder for you to go to heaven by.

You must seek God for yourself, or rather God must seek you. You must have vital experience of godliness in your heart, or else you are lost, even though all your friends were in heaven. That was a dreadful dream which a pious mother once had and told to her children.

She thought the judgment day was come. The great books were opened. They all stood before God. And Jesus Christ said, Separate the chaff from the wheat. Put the goats on the left hand and the sheep on the right.

The mother dreamed that she and her children were standing just in the middle of that great assembly. And the angel came and said, I must take the mother. She is a sheep. She must go to the right hand.

The children are goats. They must go on the left. She thought as she went. Her children clutched her and said, Mother, can we part? Must we be separated? She then put her arms around them and seemed to say, My children, I would if possible take you with me.

But in a moment the angel touched her. Her cheeks were dried and now, overcoming natural affection, being rendered supernatural and sublime, resigned to God's will, she said, My children, I taught you well.

I trained you up. And you forsook the ways of God. And now all I have to say is Amen to your condemnation. Thereupon they were snatched away, and she saw them in perpetual torment while she was in heaven.

Young man, what will you think when the last day comes to hear Christ say, Depart, ye cursed? There will be a voice just behind him saying, Amen. And as you inquire whence came the voice, you will find it was your mother.

Or young woman, when thou art cast away into outer darkness, what will you think of hearing a voice saying, Amen? And as you look, there sits your father, his lips still moving with the solemn curse. Ah, children of the kingdom, the penitent reprobates will enter heaven, many of them.

Publicans and sinners will get there. Repenting drunkards and swearers will be saved. But many of the children of the kingdom will be cast out. Oh, to think that you who have been so well trained should be lost, while many of the worse will be saved.

It will be the hell of hell for you to look up there and see poor Jack the drunkard lying in Abraham's bosom, while you who have had a pious mother are cast into hell, simply because you would not believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, but put his gospel from you, and lived and died without it.

That were the very sting of all, to see ourselves cast away when the chief of sinners finds salvation. Now listen to me a little while. I will not detain you long, whilst I undertake the doleful task of telling you what is to become of these children of the kingdom.

Jesus Christ says, they are to be cast into outer darkness, where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth. First notice, they are to be cast out. They are not said to go, but when they come to heaven's gates, they are to be cast out.

As soon as hypocrites arrive at the gates of heaven, justice will say, there he comes, there he comes. He spurned a father's prayers and mocked a mother's tears. He has forced his way downward against all the advantages mercy has supplied.

Now there he comes. Gabriel, take the man. The angel binding you hand and foot holds you one single moment over the mouth of a chasm. He bids you look down, down, down. There is no bottom, and you hear coming up from the abyss sullen moans and hollow groans and shrieks of tortured ghosts.

You quiver, your bones melt like wax, and your marrow quakes within you. Where is now thy might, and where thy boasting and bragging? You shriek and cry, ye beg for mercy. But the angel, with one tremendous grasp, seizes you fast, and then hurls you down with the cry, Away, away!

Down you go to the pit that is bottomless, and roll forever downward, downward, downward, ne 'er to find a resting place for the sole of your foot. Ye shall be cast out. And where are you to be cast to?

Ye are to be cast into outer darkness. Ye are to be put in the place where there will be no hope, for by light in the Scripture we understand hope. And you are to be put into outer darkness, where there is no light, no hope.

Is there a man here who has no hope? I cannot suppose such a person. One of you, perhaps, may say, I am thirty pounds in debt, and shall be sold up by and by. But I have a hope that I may get a loan, and so escape my difficulty.

Says another, My business is ruined. But things may take a turn yet. I have a hope. Says another, I am in great distress. But I hope that God will provide for me. Another says, I am fifty pounds in debt.

I am sorry for it. But I will set these strong hands to work, and do my best to get out of it. One of you thinks a friend is dying. But you have a hope that perhaps the fever may take a turn, that he may yet live.

But in hell there is no hope. They have not even the hope of dying, the hope of being annihilated. They are forever, forever, FOREVER LOST. On every chain in hell there is written FOREVER. In the fires there blaze out the words FOREVER.

Up above their heads they read FOREVER. Their eyes are galled, their hearts are pained with the thought that it is FOREVER. Oh, if I could tell you tonight that hell would one day be burned out, and that those who were lost might be saved, there would be a jubilee in hell at the very thought of it.

But it cannot be. It is FOREVER. They are cast into outer darkness. But I want to get over with this as quickly as I can, for who can bear to talk thus to his fellow creatures? What is it that the lost are doing?

They are weeping and gnashing their teeth. Do you gnash your teeth now? You would not do it except you were in pain and agony. Well, in hell there is always gnashing of teeth. And do you know why? There is one gnashing his teeth at his companion and muttering, I was led into hell by you.

You led me astray. You taught me to drink the first time. The other gnashes his teeth and says, What have I did? You made me worse than I should have been in aftertimes. There is a child who looks at her mother and says, Mother, you trained me up to vice.

The mother gnashes her teeth again at the child and says, I have no pity for you, for you excelled me in it and led me deeper into sin. Fathers gnash their teeth at their sons and sons at their fathers.

And methinks there are any who will have to gnash their teeth more than others. It will be seducers when they see those whom they have led from the paths of virtue and hear them saying, Ah, we are glad you are in hell with us.