Social Justice Statement and the Scandal of the Evangelical Conscience

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John B. Carpenter, PhD Covenant Reformed Baptist Church www.covenantcaswell.org

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On September 5th, 2018, James White, John MacArthur, and other evangelical leaders issued a statement on social justice and the gospel.
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Other than some clumsy wording about sola scriptura, I agreed with everything it said, but I wouldn't sign it because of what it doesn't say.
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I scrolled through the statement on my phone, approving of every affirmation and denial, and then suddenly I reached the end and wondered where the rest was, the part where we grieve with those who grieve, where Christians show they're not just about right doctrines, orthodoxy, but also about right passions, orthopathy, and right behavior, orthopraxy.
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The statement betrays a pastoral obtuseness to racial issues. It's not racist.
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It simply demonstrates a blind spot, a lack of awareness. It's the product of people responding to issues they may understand cerebrally, but have never experienced.
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It's two -dimensional in a three -dimensional world. I should know, though.
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Awakening to something that one has never personally experienced, especially something as often nebulous as racism, is difficult.
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I was raised in Alabama, but my parents rarely, if ever, mentioned race. After a parent -teacher meeting in third grade, my mother asked me earnestly, why did you not tell me your teacher was black?
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I remember thinking in my eight -year -old brain, I hadn't noticed. It wasn't something that I was sensitive to.
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The question made as much sense to me as asking, why didn't you tell me your teacher had curly hair?
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Why is that a trait someone would think is distinguishing? We were visiting my grandparents in eastern
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Arkansas in a small town just across the Mississippi River from Memphis. I remember hearing my grandmother use a word repeatedly, a word
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I never heard at home. She frequently disparaged the niggers. Being an impressionable little child,
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I picked it up in the car on the way back to Alabama before we had even crossed the bridge into Memphis.
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I was chattering and dropped that word. My father immediately and sternly interrupted me and said, in no uncertain terms, we do not use that word in this family.
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I've kept my father's order. I've not used that word since, except when telling this story.
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He explained that though raised in that typically racist southern atmosphere when he was in the
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U .S. Air Force, he learned to treat and regard black people as equals. It didn't matter if a man was white or black.
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If he had a superior rank to you, you had to salute and follow orders. If he had an inferior rank to you, you couldn't cause divisions by showing favoritism to some subordinates over others.
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It was the U .S. military that taught my father not to be racist, and that's a good thing, but think what that means.
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Why was it not the church that confronted and changed that racism? After all, my father and grandmother regularly went to the
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Baptist church in their town. Why was it year after year that that Baptist church never challenged the idea that there are some neighbors they didn't have to love as themselves?
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When visiting my grandparents, we went to their church. I remember shaking the pastor's hand as we left the building.
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Why didn't that pastor and the rest of that church ever confront them about this problem the way the military did?
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Why was it that the U .S. Air Force had the conviction and courage to change what a
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Baptist church would not? Today, by the way, I'm a Baptist pastor.
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In college, my Greek class at a Baptist university in Birmingham, Alabama in 1986 had a barbecue at the professor's house, and we were encouraged to bring dates.
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I didn't have a girlfriend, but I did have a female friend named Josephine who was on the track team with me and who also attended the same church
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I did. She was a nice girl, attractive, intelligent with a vivacious personality and an earnest Christian.
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She was also Nigerian. I decided to invite her, and she accepted my invitation.
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It never occurred to me that her complexion would be an issue, but it turned out to be a very tense evening.
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I can't describe any outrageous acts of overt racism, no one angrily shouting, inward lover at me, but I could tell in the withdrawing glance, the stymied greetings, the stiff conversation that many of my fellow students there,
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Baptist ministerial students, were bothered, subtle but unmistakable, nothing publicly manifest, just the look in the eye, whispers out of my hearing followed by the glance as if I was leprous.
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As obtuse as I can be, I could tell that I had done something that must not be done.
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I felt sorry for Josephine. I didn't know what to say. I was flabbergasted, totally incapable of processing what
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I was experiencing. We left early. I should have apologized to her. This article is that belated apology.
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Through most of my seminary years at Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, California, I hung a Confederate flag on my wall.
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I was proud of my ancestry, a southerner by the grace of God, a son of Confederate veterans, and plantation owners.
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I could argue that state's rights is a good cause, as it can be. I could have been specimen number one, that the symbols of the old
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South were about heritage, not hate. I hated racism and loved the South, still do, but I was on a journey from sweet home
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Alabama. Like John Piper, who went through Fuller about 20 years before me, the compilation of articles on race by systematic theology professor
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Paul K. Jewett shook my world. Many of the articles reported race -motivated attacks in places in Alabama that I knew.
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The church bombing that killed four African -American girls in Birmingham, Alabama was just blocks from where my father is buried.
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I was sitting in California reading these stories about home, but I had known almost nothing about them until then.
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Maybe vaguely heard about them, but it was, in the white Southern culture, muted background noise.
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Our conversations were always about other things. Now from California, I got a new view of Alabama, so I got mad.
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It was another step in what the liberation theologians awkwardly call conscientization.
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More recently, but just as clumsily, called woke. People who haven't experienced it as Orthodox as they may be don't see it.
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Often don't understand that we're not just called to fine -tune our theology, but love mercy.
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They need to be awoken to something that still lingers in the air to this day. It's like what the
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U .S. Army did to Germans when they came upon Nazi death camps at the end of World War II.
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The U .S. Army would find the concentration camps full of dead bodies and starving people. The German residents of nearby towns would say they knew nothing about what was going on there, so the
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U .S. Army took the Germans out of their towns to the camps, then made them walk through the middle of the camps so they couldn't deny what had been done there.
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They were made aware. What happened to me in California, reading about what had been going on in Alabama, was like that.
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I took my final step toward orthopathy in Singapore. Sometimes one has to be completely removed from something that is all around them to see it.
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Someone said if you want to know about water, the last one to ask is a fish. If you want to know about racism and its lingering effects, you might have to step out of the
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United States, meditating on let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a never -failing stream, from Amos 5, verse 24.
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I spoke before a lunchtime Bible study of business people in Singapore. I described the racism that had pervaded in my native
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South, the suffering of black people, the history we take for granted, the way some Christians of the United States justified slavery and racism.
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A young Chinese -Singaporean lady looked up to me with the most quizzical look on her face and asked,
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How could they do that? I saw her earnestness and realized there was no answer.
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All the historical context arguments we use to explain how our racial situation developed still doesn't explain, much less justify, the mystery of its evil.
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I put away my Confederate flag. Today I'm the pastor of an intentionally multiracial church in a racially divided county in the
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South. In between Fuller Seminary and my calling now, I pursued a PhD in church history that landed me in a business ethics and historical perspective course at the
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University of Chicago taught by Nobel laureate Robert W. Fogel. Fogel had done his work on the economics of American slavery, overturning many assumptions.
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When I entered his class, he was finishing a book on the Fourth Great Awakening, in which he argued, in part, that just as it had in the past,
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American evangelicalism would help lead America forward spiritually and morally. Fogel, a self -described secular
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Jew, had found that slavery was not undone by economic forces, as he suspected when he started his research, but by a moral revolution spearheaded by evangelicals.
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I, a reformed evangelical, wrote a paper for him in which I argued that, while evangelicals had done that in the past, when they were closer to their
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Puritan fountainhead, they, we, were far too otherworldly now to be looked to for such a moral revolution again.
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We have a theology, or perhaps spirituality, too often that allows us to remain unconscious to parts of the world around us.
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He called me into his office to discuss our differences of opinion. He politely plied me with questions, didn't change his conclusions, and the next year asked me to be his teaching assistant for the same course.
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He even gave me the responsibility of giving the lecture on his controversial findings on slavery. Professor Fogel had found, with his empirical approach to economic history called cleometrics, that southern slavery was 36 % more efficient than free northern farms, and that, despite the fact that generally the soil in the
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South is better, led by slavery, the economy in the South was growing at twice the rate as the
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North's in the decade prior to the Civil War. Slavery was so efficient because slave owners organized their slaves in a very businesslike fashion, assembly line style.
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By the purely materialistic approach to economics, then, slavery should have flourished.
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Modern economics generally works on the premise that if something is efficient and produces a better material outcome, it therefore will succeed and is, by definition, good.
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So was slavery good? No. Fogel's answer was a resounding no, as shouted by the titles of the books which bore his research,
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Time on the Cross and Without Consent or Contract. But if slavery is efficient, why isn't it good?
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The answer to that simply cannot be found in economics. It's found in a system of morality that comes from beyond mere materialism, and Fogel saw that it was
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Christians who provided that morality, and to them, America owes an enormous debt.
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He told me that he was amazed, a professor in some of America's leading universities, that he had no idea up until then the moral revolution wrought by Christians.
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He concluded that if the tide of Northern opinion had not been turned so decisively against slavery, primarily by Christian abolitionists, then the
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South would have continued to grow faster than the rest of the country, adapt slavery to industrialization, been unconquerable if a later civil war had broken out, and likely have spread slavery indefinitely, probably until this day.
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Slavery was on the ascendancy as the Civil War broke out. To argue that it would have petered out without the
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United States making war against it flies in the face of the fact that even a century after the
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Civil War, the South was still oppressing African Americans, still sending them to the back of the bus to inferior schools, humiliating them with separate water fountains, laws against interracial marriage, and the like.
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It still took further governmental action a hundred years after the original Confederates laid down their arms.
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Today, some evangelical leaders are so numb to that suffering, to the struggle required to bring justice to the laws, that they pine for the good old days of the
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Confederacy. Self -proclaimed paleo -Confederates, including evangelical pastor
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Douglas Wilson, champion the Confederacy's emphasis on states' rights against a burgeoning federal government.
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Behind its causes, and that of the drafters of the Statement of Social Justice, I believe, is a political agenda.
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They are reacting against the causes the federal government, particularly the Supreme Court, has foisted on the country in the last generation, from abortion on demand to same -sex marriage.
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Even if they are right about that, their obtuseness to racial issues does their cause a disservice.
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It is perverse, from a biblical point of view, to suggest that states' rights is a higher value than the lives and freedom of millions of African Americans.
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They rarely seem to have stopped and understood that because justification for slavery and Jim Crow was clothed in the rhetoric of states' rights, how their embrace now of states' rights strikes
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African Americans and others concerned with racial justice. The Confederate flag is, in my opinion, a beautiful striking flag with bold colors, simple and symmetrical design, but the fact that it was the banner under which southern states fought for slavery and George Wallace and others rallied against justice for segregation makes that flag a repugnant symbol to the lover of justice.
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That's why I eventually put my Confederate flag away. He has shown you, O paleo -Confederate, what is good and what does the
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Lord require of us, in Micah 6, verse 8, and states' rights didn't make the top three.
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Such evangelical leaders like Wilson and the drafters of the Statement on Social Justice insist that they are not racist.
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I believe them. Ironically, I believe that is part of the problem. If such leaders had been racist in their youth, like John Piper, they probably would have felt some of the process of becoming conscious of that sin and known something of its bitter taste.
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Frankly, many white people in America who I believe are free of racism have, because of that freedom, no consciousness of it.
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So they sometimes blunder into some racial controversy, clumsily making claims that, quote, slavery produced in the
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South a genuine affection between the races that we believe we can say has never existed in any nation before the
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Civil War or since, said Douglas Wilson and Steve Wilkins in Southern Slavery as it was, or, quote, there has never been a multiracial society that has existed with such mutual intimacy and harmony in the history of the world from the same authors, or produce statements on social justice that make it sound, by silent implication, as if the
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European and African ethnicities in America had equally suffered at each other's hands or that racism surrendered at the
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Appomattox Courthouse, that it's ancient history. The real scandal is not that there is a phalanx of crypto -racist and American evangelicalism resisting justice.
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The scandal is evangelicalism's stunted conscience. In 2013, the scandal of the evangelical conscience broke out again when some
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African -American Christian leaders like Brian Loritz brought up, again, Douglas Wilson's book,
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Black and Tan. Thabiti Anabuwile, pastor of Anacosta River Church and a columnist for the
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Gospel Coalition, began a series of blog articles about the controversy saying that it was, quote, correct to drop the heaviest hammer on such foolishness, referring to Wilson's praise of the
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Confederacy. While commending those dropping the hammer on Wilson, Pastor Anabuwile's series of articles critiquing
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Wilson's views were heralded for their civility, including by Wilson himself. Hammer -dropping is out of style.
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He handled Wilson with patience and fraternity. Five years later, Wilson was quick to sign on to the social justice statement.
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Meanwhile, in April of 2018, first Douglas Wilson engaged
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Thabiti Anabuwile, and then James White chimed in, with Anabuwile reproducing
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White's article on his blog unedited. A debate on racism and social justice played out on the
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Gospel Coalition blog. I listened avidly to White's comments on the controversy on his
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The Dividing Line podcast. Having the email addresses of both White and Anabuwile, and being admirers of them both,
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I sent a letter to them both, hoping to broker peace. I specifically told White, quote, The few times,
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James, I've heard you comment on racial issues, I've noticed a lack of expressed sympathy for the enormous sin done to black people in the past through about 250 years of slavery and 100 years of segregation.
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I agree with you about what needs to be done now, but I don't hear you expressing awareness for what black people have gone through.
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I don't disagree with almost anything you say. It's just that I sense an omission.
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I didn't know that at that time. He was working on, or was soon to start working on, the statement of social justice, along with John MacArthur and others.
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MacArthur, born June 19, 1939, was ministering to the civil rights era, and even admirably traveled with John Perkins, Mississippi -based pastor, preaching to black churches there.
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He was once reportedly detained by a, quote, bigoted sheriff for his interracial ministry.
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He writes, quote, I deplore racism and all the cruelty and strife it breeds.
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I believe him. To accuse him of being racist because he doesn't share the social and political agenda of progressives is slanderous.
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But a search of MacArthur's archived sermons reveals very little about racism, only about 23 hits using the term racism of all his sermons, and most of them referring to the culture of the
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New Testament. Of his blog post on the issue, many are recent ones as part of his role in drafting the statement on the social justice.
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What does it say of the awareness of a man who largely ignored the issues of race, even when the debate over civil rights was raging in the
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United States, but is suddenly provoked when evangelicals start echoing the calls for social justice?
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The scandal is not that he's racist. He clearly is not. It's that he has a blind spot.
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He brilliantly and ironically describes the problem himself in a recent blog post. Quote, people everywhere still tend to be oblivious to or inconsiderate of customs, traditions, community values, and ethnic differences outside their own culture.
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Culture clash is a universal problem, not a uniquely American quandary, and it's not necessarily an expression of ethnic hostility.
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But Americans contempt racial bigotry is now so acute that even accidental cultural or ethnic insensitivity is regularly met with the same resentment as blind, angry racism.
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And even a simple social gaffe is likely to be treated the same as bigotry. Amen. The scandal is the inconsiderateness, the obliviousness, the insensitivity, so that even an orthodox statement like the one he worked on with James White seems,
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I think rightly, to be a social gaffe. The scandal is that so many of us aren't more offended by lauding the
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Confederacy, more shocked by the evil of slavery and racism that has not woken us up yet, that we're still so capable of drafting perfectly orthodox statements so lacking in orthopathy.
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The American evangelical conscience is so unconscious of the reality suffered by some of our brothers and sisters that we're still blundering into clumsy, one -sided statements.
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Again, the scandal isn't James White's obtuseness on the subject or John MacArthur's MIA status through the
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Civil Rights era or Doug Wilson's perversely idyllic descriptions of a supposedly heavenly harmonious racial relations prior to 1865 in the
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South, never minding that tiny detail about slavery. That's not the scandal. The scandal is us.
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How are we still, after all these years and shocks, so numb, so asleep, so lacking in orthopathy?
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The scandal isn't racism per se. It's two -dimensional faith, a flat orthodoxy against a full -orbed faith, orthodoxy, orthopathy, orthopraxy, that loves the
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Lord with all one's heart, mind, and body and connected to that, loves one neighbors, all the kinds of people
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God puts in one's way. In 2012, I spoke at the funeral of a 13 -year -old boy,
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Damian Farmer. He was black, as were most of the people who turned out at the funeral, held in our gymnasium.
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Our gym had been originally built for a segregated school in the 1970s for the purpose of keeping kids like Damian out.
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I mentioned that fact to the assembled mourners and then the triumphant fact that King Jesus had other ideas and gave that gym to us as a place of worship for all his people and a place for all kids like Damian Farmer.
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The crowd erupted in applause and I could feel a wave of relief that someone, someone who professed the same
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Lord, held to the same orthodoxy, felt, to some degree, something of the pain of their 300 years of racial oppression.
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They ached for someone to feel their pain, to just show they cared.