Romans 5:12-19 | The Last Adam

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Pastor Kyle Cerniglia Covenant Reformed Baptist Church Tullahoma TN

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Amen. Well good morning to everyone. Please open your Bible to Romans.
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We'll be looking at chapter 5. Romans chapter 5 verses 12 through 19.
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Chapter 5 verses 12 through 19. Therefore just as sin came into the world through one man and death through sin and so death spread to all men because all sinned.
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For sin indeed was in the world before the law was given but sin is not counted when there is no law.
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Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam who was a type of the one who was to come.
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But the free gift is not like the trespass for if many died through one man's trespass much more had the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
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Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man's sin for the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification.
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For if because of one man's trespass death reigned through that one man much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man
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Jesus Christ. Therefore as one trespass led to condemnation for all men so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
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For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.
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Let's pray. Father I thank you so much for this for this opportunity to bring forth your word this morning where we can behold your son's beauty through these words.
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I pray you help bring forth understanding to what we were what we are going to talk about today and pray you loosen my tongue and pray you give us ears to hear
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Jesus name. Amen. Have you ever lost anything you never lost something?
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Am I the only one? It's funny daily I'm with you you know it's funny it's like my family we have a we have a knack of losing shoes like all the time not just a pair of shoes like one shoe of a pair many pairs and it's always like when we're heading out the door right we look for days trying to find it where are these shoes where's this shoe and then like one day out of nowhere it's right there like we like how do we miss it it's really interesting and some mystery how that is but I'm sure we've all lost something before I assume there are some of us who lose things more often than others though we've all lost something before that's a common thing we've all experienced from trivial things to maybe things that are actually incredibly important and valuable when you lose something trivial though does it really keep you up at night not really do you find yourself for hours retracing your steps scouring your house looking for it and when you find that something that you lost you rejoice and shout praises of joy when you find it you go oh there it is it's trivial we probably don't rejoice in that way because the value of what you lost determines the amount of joy that you have when it's restored does that make sense the value of the thing we've lost determines how much we're going to be happy when we find it the simple in the same way when you lose something of great value it weighs heavily upon your heart and seems to be the only thing you can think of yet when it's restored when it's found there's great joy because the value of what was lost is so great yet have you ever lost anything that was so great that it seemed utterly impossible for it to be restored when it seemed that there was no hope that the situation could be changed to feel yourself to be utterly powerless and unable to change the circumstance while we all may have certain stories of something valuable that we've lost we're all unified in this reality we have all lost something of the greatest worth and value we all universally have lost something precious beyond comprehension we've lost life itself brothers and sisters we lost
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God that's what I mean when we when I say we lost life itself we lost
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God and I wonder do we truly understand what we have lost do we grasp the depth of what it meant to be without God and beyond that do you truly understand the impossibility that stood before you the impossibility of the corrupted seed of men being made right before a perfect God what could possibly change or reverse this infinite loss so it's two things we need to think about the value of what we've lost and the impossibility of us getting it back brothers and sisters
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I want us to think about these two things because we have not come to truly understand the reality and depth of our depravity did that word depravity sink in when
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I said it did it fall upon your soul with great weight or is it just an easy word for us to hear shrug off as something common we're in church we're gonna hear depravity we're reformed we say depravity all the time when
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I said depravity do you think about your lost state the loss of God I think we just thought yeah depraved friends we haven't come to grasp the depth of what we lost and our state and the impossibility of it being restored this is exactly our problem we don't fully grasp what our inheritance was in Adam and therefore we miss out on the joy of our inheritance in Christ this is a problem we have we would be fools to think that there isn't more beauty to be seen and I don't care what sort of theologian you are here this morning there's more beauty to be seen in Christ when we brush away truths that may seem elementary to us things that we teach to our children when we brush it away we're saying
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I'm fine with the sight of Christ I received I'm satisfied with what
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I've seen so far so if we're saying that Jesus is infinitely glorious and the epitome of beauty when we come to these truths with apathy and tell ourselves we already know these doctrines what you are saying is this
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I don't need to see infinite glory I've had enough of beauty and I don't think any one of us would be saying that right now but we need to understand that's where our apathetic hearts may tend to go there's more beauty to be seen don't fall into this apathy there is beauty to be seen in Christ this morning not because of the preacher but in spite of the preacher because we have a great
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Savior to behold that's why there's beauty to be seen today so this morning
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I have three points for us point number one is Adam a type of Christ point two is our connection to Adam as our representative and point three our victory the victory of Christ as a last
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Adam so this is why God has given us types we saw that reference in Romans 5 types are means to be to broaden the spectrum of our sight and of Christ it is to help us see how great of a
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Savior we have in the person of Jesus these types serve as a guide to expand the depth of the beauty and glory that we see in him throughout the scriptures we're giving we're given many types of Christ's Christ but as we see in our text this morning we'll be looking at Adam as a type of Christ over the last several weeks several weeks we've been learning through Hebrews pastor
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Jeff's has done a great job in explaining what types and shadows are so I'm not going to go too far into that but just by way of short explanation the word type translated means a foreshadowing an example or a pattern
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Adam was a foreshadowing of Christ that was to come that's what it says in verse 14 let's read yet death reigned from Adam to Moses even over those who sinning was not like the transgression of Adam who was a type of the one who was to come that last phrase is what
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I want you all to see that's the hinge on which this whole paragraph swings
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Adam is a type of him who was to come that's what
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Paul is doing in verse 14 Paul says that he's going to view Christ in comparison and contrast with Adam that makes
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Adam a type or a pattern and the aim is this to see more clearly and more fully the beauty of Christ's work now why why take this approach there are probably other ways that Paul could have explained our redemption so why bring an
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Adam the first man and talk about his sin and how it affected the whole human race you're talking about justification
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Paul what's going on here why talk about comparing Adam's righteousness to Christ and how that affected all of us that are in him why this approach and we have to ask that question sometimes when we want to understand something we want to understand something better we compare it with something like it but not totally like it right if you've ever seen a certain type of animal and had to describe it you would immediately begin to compare it to something similar a similar looking animal if you had to explain what a lynx was to someone
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I don't know if all you know what a lynx is but it'll help the example if you had to explain what a lynx is to someone who's never seen one before you would begin by saying that it kind of looks like a bobcat in its shape and its size and how it has cat -like features but then you would begin to show how it is dissimilar and unique and not like a bobcat this is similar to how we see typology in Scripture and it's interesting
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Adam has to be the most peculiar type of Christ in the Scriptures and I say this because the work of Adam seems to be perfectly antithetical to the work of Christ when we think of types in the
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Old Testament Adam is rarely on the top of our list right when we think of types we're thinking of like King David right the man after God's own heart we're thinking of Isaac as the sacrificial lamb or Joseph Joseph in his upright behavior but not
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Adam but it's especially interesting that Adam is listed as a type because Adam is actually the only person that is explicitly referred to as a type in the
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Bible and so there's a lot of information regarding top typology there's a lot of good and there's a lot of bad a lot of distracting information about biblical typology but we're gonna keep it simple the
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Scriptures show us that there is a link that we're supposed to see between Adam and Jesus Adam and Jesus are tied together in a way in 1st
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Corinthians 15 we see Paul called Jesus the last Adam we've heard that name before the last
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Adam once again we see God establishing this connection between Adam and Jesus that there's a link there that's what the
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Scriptures are showing us when we think about Adam we can see that there were things that were given to him by the hand of God to present a picture to us of the glory realities with him that was to come that's what
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Romans is telling us Christ the last Adam Scripture is telling us there's a link there and that we need to pay attention our goal this morning though is not to look at Adam that's not our goal our goal is to see
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Christ and the Scriptures are telling us that we can see something about Christ by looking at Adam that's what we're gonna do we're gonna look at him today and for no other reason so let's think about Adam for a moment what are some of the things that we know about him before the fall so some of the things that might come to mind right at first would be that he walked walked with God right he was sinless he was righteous he didn't have an earthly father after God met made man on the sixth day
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God saw all that he had made and behold it was very good Adam was free from every taint of sin when he came into this world
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Adam also had communion with God he had he had fellowship with God yes
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Adam had been given physical life at creation but he was also given the Creator as well
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God did not shut off access to him he had fellowship relationship with God Adam was made the heir of the world and Adam acted in the name of God by ruling over creation he was given the privilege of dominion over what
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God had created and as well Adam was in covenant relationship with God we see in Genesis 2 the
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Lord God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work and keep it for the Lord God commanded the man saying from any tree in the garden you may take from it but from the tree of knowledge of good and evil you may not eat for in the day that you eat from it you will surely die that's a covenant that's a covenant because of this covenant relationship
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Adam was now a representative of man a covenant head for all who would come from him all of his descendants would be bound to this covenant as well this is why we call
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Adams that's why we call Adam mankind's federal head so what is a federal head a basic definition is a pact made where sovereignty is given to one central authority does that make sense this is why we're calling
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Adam our federal head so there's that link between Adam and Jesus right are we seeing that link do we see that there's some similarities there and what is ascribed to Adam and what can be seen of him who was to come there's a link though that we need to pay attention to another another link
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Adam and mankind and don't just think about it in those terms
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Adam and you Adam and you there's a link between Adam and you you're linked together in addition to Paul showing us the link between Adam and Christ this connection he's also showing us the relationship we all have with Adam Romans 512 begins therefore just as sin came into the world through one man and death through sin and so death spread to all men because all sinned because of Adams covenant relationship with God as man's representative when he sinned and brought forth death sin spread to all mankind in 1st
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Corinthians 1522 it says for as an Adam all die there's one more in our text in verse 14 death reigned from Adam to Moses this is
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Paul proving what transpired from Adam Adams lineage death reigned from Adam to Moses he's saying that even though God had not delivered the law to man it was obvious that there was still sin because there was death right that's what that's and that's the verse we all know but what's another verse we all know is because the wages of sin is death the point of comparison with Adam is to show that there is one fundamental problem in the human race that started with Adam at the beginning and it's sin and the burden of this text expressed over and over and over again is that the problem with humanity is not just our individual sinning before God but our problem is the connection and the link that we all have with Adam's sin that brings us to point to our connection to Adam as our representative so in verses 15 through 19 it runs through over and over showing us this connection in verse 15 it says for if many died through one man's trespass verse 16 for the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation verse 17 because of one man's trespass death reigned through that one man in verse 18 as one trespass led to condemnation for all men and verse 19 for as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners so the problem with the human race is not most deeply that everyone commits various types of sins those sins are very real they are huge and they are enough to condemn us
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Paul is obviously concerned about them as we know from Romans 1 but the deepest problem is that behind all of our depravity and all of our guilt and all of our sinning is that we're connected to Adam as our representative his fall brought all mankind down with him and brothers and sisters are we beginning to see the reality of our inheritance in Adam Romans 5 has outlined it are we you have inherited a curse resulting in sin death and condemnation it is because of this one act of disobedience that all mankind has suffered a great loss and what is this loss in Adam as I said earlier we lost life we lost
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God and my fear is that we're hearing familiar words and not grasping the deep realities of what we lost in Adam we lost
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God and God was no longer our father but you were an orphan left to your own devices and losing
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God we also lost life physical life and physical death came because of this one act of disobedience death entered the world and death spread to all men we truly died and this is no small thing in Adam life ended the very reasons you feel the effects of entropy upon your life upon your body the pain the suffering and the misery and the anguish all resulting from sin from Adam your representative and all who ever come from the seed of Adam would be pound to declare this truth behold
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I was brought forth in iniquity and in sin my mother conceived me all who come from Adam would declare
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I was born in sin man would never be born to life through the seed of Adam but only to sin and death we would be a people born before God as corrupt and unrighteous in Job 14 we see him lamenting over this reality of man and said man who is born of a woman is short -lived and full of turmoil like a flower he comes forth and withers he also flees like a shadow and does not remain in first Peter 124
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Peter shows us that all men are born of corruptible seed they are frail mortal and perishing they spring up like grass and look beautiful for a while but are very weak and tender and in a little time they are cut down by death and wither away church is not just a physical death it's not just that we lost
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God and introduced a physical death but spiritual death came it's not just a physical death that comes from this one act of disobedience but a much greater and deeper reality this death that came was physical and spiritual you didn't just die physically you are now dead to God dead to delight of life that day in the garden man died and we died too maybe it's deceiving to you because we see mankind go on to live life and multiply yes indeed they did but if our only definition of life is the physical life then we haven't begun to understand what true life is
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God is the source of true life and to lose him is to be dead dead to an infinite
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God means to be bound to an infinite death and to know not life because therefore there is no life in you we've lost life in this world an eternal life in Adam eternal life is not just the idea of living forever but it is the fullness of life we've lost the fullness of life
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Ephesians 418 tells us that we were alienated from the life of God when not life that comes from God be full not just going on forever but full there wasn't just a physical death that would be passed on from Adam and all mankind but also a spiritual death physical death and spiritual death had now been written into the
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DNA of man and man's will would only follow the heart of sin and rebellion the the end of Ephesians 212 it outlines it perfectly the spiritual and physical death resulted in us living in this world without God and without hope brothers and sisters and looking at what we lost in Adam has there been a glimmer of hope that you could retrieve that which is lost we can have no part in our redemption because we have come from a completely corrupted seed an order and possibility stands before you all men descend from a corrupted seed the corrupted seed of Adam we were born into this world only to die born dead to God and dead in our sins there is no permanent enduring life produced by the seed of Adam it is spoken of as a corruptible seed because it results in decay and death and this idea of the corruptible seed in Hebrew it's translated as the filthy drop sin is that filthy drop whereby the corruption of human nature is spread to all men because as we said before Adam was created by God without taint and without sin and sin being that filthy drop as it went upon the seed and it corrupted that seed forever and for all mankind for whoever was born of the flesh was now carnal and corrupted by sin so not just the impossibility of the corrupted seed but also our representative being born of the seed of Adam means you are bound to connected to and united to Adam you are the recipient of his merit consider what
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Adam did as our representative in federal head he broke the covenant he made with God bringing sin into this world and death with it because of this your representative your federal head
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Adam was driven out of the presence of God was he not the headship of Adam offers no assurance no hope without God and his headship tells you run from God flee from him to fear him not out of reverence but of unbelief in his goodness you need a representative before God you can't stand alone left in your own state your representative will be
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Adam the one whom God cast out of his presence the one who is caught off from fellowship with God the one who gave birth to sin in this world the path of life was shut to Adam and it was his sin that brought forth death into this world and brothers and sisters in Adam you are cut off you we are cut off driven out as sinners we were naked and without God as our father and advocate we're cut off we're forsaken and by what means would you come to reverse that which you've lost can the
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Ethiopian change his skin or the leopard his spots neither are you able to do good you who are accustomed to doing evil that's what it says in Jeremiah 13 in Hosea 6 7 tells us but like Adam they transgressed the covenant there they dealt faithlessly with me what
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God is saying through the Prophet Hosea is that nothing has changed since Adam nothing has changed we are just like our father
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Adam transgressors ones who could not and would not obey
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God we're also like Adam in this way Adam had communion and fellowship with God he walked with God and yet the deep the devil tempted him sin twinkled in his eye and forsook
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God sound familiar are we not any different just like Adam did from birth you looked upon your
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Creator your God and declared that you did not want his authority you did not want his rule you did not want his life you beheld sin and loved it you said give me this this is my life it is this wickedness that bars us from access to God just as it wasn't
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Adam it was because of his sin that he was driven out of the garden and God declared him to be forsaken and cut off we see
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God stationed an angel in front of the garden the entrance of the garden wielding a fiery sword guarding the way to the tree of life in every direction don't be deceived though that we are linked to Adam with him as your federal head he is not the one who bears the guilt of your sin the law is binding upon all those who come from Adam we don't have an excuse for Romans Romans one tells us for the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth for what can be known about God is plain to them because God has shown it to them for his individual invisible attributes namely his eternal power and divine nature have been clearly perceived ever since the creation of the world and the things that have been made so that they are without excuse and this text is speaking about us saying that we knew we are not without excuse we have no excuse his invisible attributes and divine nature can are clearly seen yet we follow into our own corruption how great is the fall of mankind how desperate is our condition we're cursed how deep are the effects of that curse that would touch all men all creation your protection in Adam is based on a covenant of works in light of that you have to resonate with the words of Job who can bring a clean thing out of the unclean there's not one and when
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Job says there's not one he's saying how can it be it's impossible how can the clean come from the unclean and what
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Job is saying is right it's impossible and yet Jesus looked at his disciples in a very similar situation when they were astonished at the impossibility of being made right with God the law was revealed to them and they looked at the man they thought was righteous and said well if he can't be saved who can be saved
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Jesus looked at them and said with man this is impossible but with God all things are possible take heart brothers and sisters we praise
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God this morning that this work is possible I wanted to show you the ways it was impossible so I can show you the ways how it is possible that brings us to our last point point three victory of Christ as the last
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Adam nothing can hinder the Lord from saving for we know that God can do all things and that no plan of his can be thwarted the
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Prophet Jeremiah cried out in a way that I hope we are all crying out in this moment saying
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Oh Lord God you have made the heavens and the earth by your great power and outstretched arm nothing is too difficult for you and brothers and sisters
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God responded to the Prophet with a rhetorical question that is truly comforting he says behold
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I am the Lord the God of all flesh is anything too difficult for me that impossibility that faced us is not too difficult for God our awful pervasive nature our sin and guilt covered our whole body like lepers and the eternal death we deserve that impossibility he is the
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Lord God nothing is too difficult for him to overcome this is the great glory of Christ he vastly outshines
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Adam this pervasive sin of Adam is not greater than the mighty grace and obedience of Christ it was
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God's plan from the beginning that Adam as the representative of man would be a type of him who would come
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God's plan was that by comparison and contrast the glory of Christ would shine all the more brightly and all the more clearly to us as we see
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Adam in Christ in the gospel accounts God is showing us numerous ways in which
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Christ is showing us his beauty and glory and redeeming work that which is lost in Adam fulfilling the laws demands on our behalf and taking on the full weight of the curse brothers and sisters do not assume right now that we understand the depth of Christ's work do not assume right now that we know that we're going to hear and we get it come and see his beauty walk with me and behold glory and beauty embodied in the person of Christ your
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Savior Christ's glory displayed as the last Adam is seen from his very birth he was not born of the seed of Adam Jesus this
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Jesus is the only begotten Son of God the incorruptible seed we sing this at Christmas mild he lays his glory by born that man no more may die born to born to raise the sons of earth and born to give them second birth and we could not have new birth if he was born of Adam there would be no life for us
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Christ came as a man but unlike any man ever did after Adam he had no earthly father that he would be corrupted like the sons of men it was the virgin birth that began
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Christ's work in redeeming us from that wretched curse the last Adam would come from an incorruptible seed sin would not profane his perfect life and righteousness the righteousness he desired to give to you brothers and sisters do you see
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Christ exceeding where Adam had failed Christ's beauty displayed as the last
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Adam continues in a similar way as we look at the fall of man just as Adam was tempted by the devil we know
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Christ too was tempted yet the result was not like Adam as we see that Christ rebuked the devil three times in his advances the devil tempted
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Christ with the thought of the greatest temptations forsaken his track to Calvary's Hill he said don't go and die for them go and have comfort but our
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Savior would not abandon the way of the cross for the sake of his glory and the salvation of his people
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Jesus's face would be set on Jerusalem to accomplish the redemption of his people so do you see where your
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Savior succeeded where Adam failed there's still so much to be seen of the last
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Adam next I want to draw your attention to the garden but we have two very different gardens to look at we have the
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Garden of Eden pitched against the Garden of Gethsemane in Eden we see
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Adams great act of disobedience he forsakes the will of God in his pursuit of sin and when
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God called out to Adam he ran from God and hid unwilling to resign himself to his maker yet in Gethsemane we see
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Christ's great act of obedience as he falls to the ground in deep anguish considering the reality of the cross before him two times he prays my father if it is at all possible let this cup pass from me yet not as I will but as you will whereas Adam was disobedient and ran from God we see
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Christ's pray twice twice he went to his father having to be strengthened by heavenly beings to do so we see
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Christ's obedience in how he entrusted himself to the will of the Father do you see the obedience of your
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Savior as he is earning for you the righteousness you need the last
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Adam leaves no stone unturned in his pursuit to complete the redemption of his people in the immediate aftermath of Adam's sin we see the beginning the beginnings of God's redemptive mercies when he provided a covering for Adam and Eve as they were naked and ashamed man now was naked and ashamed before God man had no covering before him yet it was the will of God to provide a covering for man it would be by the merits of Christ's suffering his perfect life and perfect righteousness his keeping of and fulfillment of the law would be the covering that men would need but brothers and sisters we cannot forget that the sin that brought much same shame to man had to be paid for Christ had to bear our shame church the king of glory would have to be put to open open shame stripped and naked nailed to a cross he would not be like Adam who when his guilt and nakedness was exposed he ran from God Christ Jesus was present before God naked and alone with one covering our sin he did not hide he did not run he did not ask for any pity or mercy he endured every bit of wrath that was set aside for us even in these brutal moments
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Christ desired to be near his father fulfilling the law unto the end obedient even to the point of death as we begin to think back to that first covering that God gave to Adam and Eve we know that blood was shed that this was to show that without the shedding of blood there could be no forgiveness of sins but as we learned last week in Hebrews 10 verse 4 it says for it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins the covering that God provided to Adam and Eve was just a shadow of what was to come for you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your ancestors but with the precious blood of Christ the lamb without blemish or defect
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Christ as the last Adam has left no aspect of redemption undone
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God declared that if Adam ate from the tree that he would surely die and be accursed do we now not see our
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Savior going and being nailed to a tree himself becoming a curse on our account do you see it
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Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us for it is written cursed is anyone that hangs from a tree do you see your
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Savior satisfying a curse that was yours to bear was it not because of Adam's sin that he would be cursed to toil we know that the ground would be cursed because of Adam's sin thorns and thistles would grow up from the ground making his daily provision a burden and yet it was
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Christ who was given a crown of thorns a crown that would symbolize a curse now the
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Romans didn't know what they were doing symbolically but the father did he was showing us that he was placing all the curse upon his son do you see your
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Savior satisfying the curse that was yours to bear Adam failed in all his duties he did not keep the
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Covenant and therefore lost God and lost life and not only did the first man fail but the first husband horribly failed
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Adam did not protect his wife from evil but was instead a party to it he did not proclaim the truth to his wife the truth of the
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Covenant to his wife when she needed it the most he didn't say Eve you'll die if you eat of this he joined in and he remained silent but we can rejoice that the last
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Adam is a flawless bridegroom to his bride Christ did not just protect you from evil but redeemed you from it he has fully paid for all your evil deeds
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Christ laid down his life for his bride he now stands to guard and protect you as his bride by the merits of his shed blood and righteousness and continually proclaims over you the truth of the
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Covenant of grace and didn't even believe the truth of the Covenant of works but your
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Savior proclaims to you the truth of the Covenant of grace when he speaks of his enduring love for his bride he is the
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God who calls out to his people I have loved you with an everlasting love I will never leave you nor forsake you for neither death nor life not angels nor rulers nor things present nor things to come no powers no height nor depth nor anything else and all creation will be able to separate you from my love so do you see your
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Savior succeeding where Adam has failed the last Adam came to provide for us protection that was better than what
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Adam had lost Christ as the last Adam came to provide a righteousness better than that what we lost in Adam in God's wondrous love our
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Lord Jesus put us under a new covenant a covenant in which he became the last
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Adam a covenant that would replace the headship of Adam with the headship of Christ it is in Christ that we find ourselves under a new covenant not one that speaks do this and live but rather a new covenant which says
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I will forgive their iniquities and remember their sins no more for what the law could not do grace is accomplished through Christ Jesus what
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Adam could not do grace has accomplished God has accomplished through Christ Jesus so brothers and sisters do you have guilt and shame this morning don't follow in the path of Adam running from your
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God naked and ashamed but look to God for it was the father who sent his son to stand in your place it was the obedience of Christ that he bore your shame and guilt he did not run from the father but he embraced it all on your account so that he can freely say to you come come find rest receive grace find help in time of need find forgiveness find love this is why he calls us to come to him he's paid the debt no wrath remains for those who are in Christ these are precious words for sinners like us the grace is free the gift is free the righteousness of God is free come and look to Christ believing in his work and merits for you and rest and rejoice in the work of Christ the last