Isaiah 40:1-8, What Shall I Cry?, Dr. John B. Carpenter

Isaiah chapter 40 verses 1 to 8 hear the word of the Lord Comfort Comfort my people says your

God Speak tenderly to Jerusalem and cry to her that her warfare is ended

That her iniquity is pardoned that she has received from the Lord's hand double for all her sins a

Voice cries in the wilderness prepare the way of the Lord make straight in the desert a highway for our

God Every valley shall be lifted up and every mountain and hill be made low the uneven ground shall become level and the rough places a plain and The glory of the

Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together for the mouth of the

Lord has spoken a Voice says cry and I said

What shall I cry all? Flesh is grass and all its beauty is like the flower of the field the grass withers

The flower fades when the breath of the Lord blows on it Surely the people are grass

The grass withers the flower fades, but the word of our God will stand forever

The Lord had his blessings to the reading of his Holy Word What do you say at a funeral?

Maybe you don't want to go to one or meet the bereaved because you don't know what to say What do you say after a tragedy?

Someone's house is burned down or their mother died They're diagnosed with cancer the victim of some crime

What would you say to the mother of those three University of Virginia football players, you know proud mothers You know, they got to be really proud mothers proud that their sons had earned an athletic scholarship at a d1 program and are getting

A University of Virginia education, but I'll probably for the past couple years now telling everyone who will listen my boy

Do you see him? He had so many tackles or receptions or yards last

Saturday. Do you see him on TV? Do you see my boy and he's and he's on his way to graduate. Did you see him?

Only get a call in Tuesday morning I'm sorry to inform you What do you say

What do you say when you look into the eyes of someone and they're weeping uncontrollably?

Wailing in pain the emotional and the physical so mixed together they don't know which pain is which and there's blood everywhere and a miscarried or stillborn child and The only thing she can think to say

Among all the agony and blood in tears is to ask whether the child was a boy or a girl

What do you say What do you say when you hold someone who is racked at grief and you wish there's something you could do that you'd die a

Thousand times if you could stop the grief What do you say? What do you cry out?

Isaiah was an old man his late 60s or around 70 as he stood on the wall of Jerusalem He's looking out into the rest of Judah into the countryside

Which has been devastated by a marauding murderous invasion almost all the towns and cities of Judah had been obliterated

Thousands killed most mercifully by a quick sword thrust or a jab at the spear

But many others especially the leading men of towns impaled on stakes alive and left like that to die are literally flailed

Their skin ripped off alive The Assyrian army had come through led by Sennacherib the emperor of the

Assyrian Empire intent on subjugating and just wiping out Judah just about 20 years earlier in 721

BC the same Empire the Assyrians had attacked the northern kingdom of Israel with his capital in Samaria and Did just that destroyed it?

The Israelites they didn't kill they dragged off to be exiled to other parts of the Empire And while they brought in other people pagan people to repopulate the country

So to the people of Judah in the south understand Israel this time has been divided to Israel in the north northern kingdom of Israel and Judah in the south the people of Judah in the south kind of looking out on all this like Isaiah on the wall

That was to them What 9 -11 is to us? It's a disaster in our memory a warning of what could happen and then 20 years later

It did happen in 701 BC The Assyrian army came for them this time going through all the towns and cities of Judah tearing down walls burning buildings

Raping and butchering people the second largest city in Judah was like heesh.

I believe the pronounce like heesh like heesh or like sheesh With a it had a wall as fortifications

I would assume an army contingent there to to defend it But it did no good against the might of the

Assyrian Empire when it came to walled cities like like heesh They were the the

Syrian army was methodical and patient and brutal They were laid siege to the city so that nothing no one no food could get in then they would either build an earthen ramp up to right up to the wall or Tunnel underneath the wall or both and they would build siege towers

That just kind of mobile towers but say but then when the attack came wheel up near the wall and shoot arrows down in over the wall in down into the city and Then when the big attack came they would bring battering rams to the gate of the wall

They would come over their ramp through their tunnels shooting down there from their towers and then kill and destroy

Set a fire They were so proud of how thorough and how vicious their attacks were that they memorialized them in carvings in the walls of their palaces back home in Nineveh Archaeologists uncovered the memorial to it to their destruction of Lakish which shows them throwing people down from the wall

Spears of soldiers impaled people flames engulfing the city. You can find it

The archaeologists have it at some museum somewhere. You can look it up in Google and see it for yourself That was

Lakish Now imagine if an army an invading army had come to America and does that to us?

They had done that say like like the series did to Lakish some invader did that to Chicago and now they're heading for Washington DC and there's nothing but a wall

I know there's really no wall around Washington DC, but you get my point nothing to really slow them down You're scurrying into the city when you're there for protection

Because the invaders are killing or capturing and hauling away anyone they could catch in the countryside But it's just a matter of time before they take the capital city, too.

So you're huddled in there Hoping for a miracle And that was the situation.

They had been in just recently Sennacherib boasted in his own history. This is another thing historians.

It's not in the Bible It's something historians have uncovered Sennacherib in his own history wrote about his akiya Judas King Trapped in Jerusalem that he said

I had hezekiah quote trapped like a bird in the cage the emissaries of Sennacherib came to Jerusalem stood outside the wall and the people of Jerusalem are standing on the wall probably

Isaiah among them and listening to these emissaries from From Sennacherib as they were shouting to the representatives of Hezekiah Hezekiah's men

When the people standing in the wall listening to this they they taunted Jerusalem Judah Hezekiah and they said thus says the great king.

You're you're a you're a minor king You're a nothing king the great king the king of Assyria thus he says you're next

They're all gonna starve all you people in the wall you're gonna starve in the siege you can be so hungry You'll be eating your own excrement.

They told everyone in Jerusalem listening, you know, don't believe this trust in the Lord stuff after all did the gods of those other kingdoms that we destroyed did they save them as if the

Lord were just another tribal God and Then they had the nerve to claim that the Lord sent them there and Isaiah chapter 36 verse 10

Sennacherib's men boast the Lord said to me Go up against this land and take it

They're speaking for the Lord Hezekiah tore his clothes Put on sackcloth went to the

Lord in the temple. He prayed And so the Lord spoke through Isaiah in Isaiah chapter 37 verse 23

Whom have you Sennacherib he's speaking to Sennacherib the Lord is through Isaiah whom have you

Sennacherib mocked and reviled Against whom have you raised your voice and lifted up your eyes to the heights?

Against the Holy One of Israel and then in verse 26 the Lord asked Sennacherib Have you not heard?

that I It's the Lord speaking that I determined it long ago. I Planned from days of old what

I bring to pass right now It's you should make fortified cities crash into a heap of ruins other words this campaign of Destruction the

Lord says, you know, I planned all this You're my instrument to do my will those cities.

You've destroyed all the cities of the Philistines. They wouldn't they destroyed the cities of the Philistines even now just recently most recently like each you did it because I the

Lord speaking I Planned it and then the Lord concludes in chapter 37 verse 29 because you have raged

Against me and your arrogance has come to my ears I will put a hook in your nose and my bit in your mouth

It's kind of the way they treated exiles captives that they caught in other kingdoms Lord say I'm gonna do that to you

And I will turn you back on the way by which you came And that's what happened Isaiah chapter 37 verse 36 and 2nd

Kings chapter 19 says that an angel the Lord struck down 185 ,000

Assyrian soldiers and so Sennacherib had to go an ancient historian

Herodotus says that the plague hit them bubonic plague Probably both are true.

I would imagine an angel used biological warfare So Sennacherib has to go back to Nineveh Where he's eventually assassinated by his own sons

But the people of Judah are shell -shocked the survivors Sure, they made it in Jerusalem and I assume they're happy to be alive.

They're amazed at God's deliverance But they knew many of their countrymen who hadn't survived

Who were slaughtered who were impaled who were flayed who were brutalized? They had family who had made it

Whom they'd never see again Jerusalem was intact, but the rest of the country was a smoldering wreck

It's not like after World War two in China. I would imagine sure some cities some people survived but look at Nanking Everyone has a story in China would imagine after World War two of some relative machine gun with the rest of The people from their own village or some relative beheaded by some century for simply not bowing low enough

Untold stories of rape. They got a lot of that in Singapore, too Like that you're desperately grateful

You know that I made it I survived this when it's over, but now you look out on the wake of destruction stunned

Isaiah stands on the wall of Jerusalem looking out on burned out buildings freshly dug graves the top of walls of other smaller cities and What's he saying

What do you say at a funeral? to the mourners to the parents of three

University of Virginia football players To those wrapped with grief who have lost everything

What do you cry out? We see that here you see three cries notice in verse to cry to her then in verse three a voice cries and then verse six a voice says

Cry, what do you cry? first Comfort then

Prepare and finally Eternity, what should you cry?

Comfort Comfort That's what God says in verse one It's a command to you not really to be comforted but to comfort comfort

Comfort a specific people my people says your God. This is not a time for rebuke for correction

It's not for I told you so If only you people hadn't been corrupt if you have been unjust to the poor if you hadn't oppressed the powerless

You wouldn't have got this if you hadn't had the high places the altars for unauthorized worship to the Lord I I told you you were only supposed to worship the

Lord at the temple according to his word But you wouldn't listen and this is what you get No, it's not a time for that not for chiding.

Not at this time The first part of Isaiah from chapters 1 to 35 is full of that kind of rebuke

But after the destruction is wrecked by the Assyrian army Described in chapters 36 to 39 just before this passage

It's comfort comfort Remember in Ecclesiastes at the time for everything

The wake of tragedy isn't the time for rebuke Christians sometimes complain that almost everyone is preached into heaven at their funeral and and that is a problem but funerals really aren't places either for Condemning the faults of the deceased comfort

Comfort Especially if they're God's people speak tenderly to Jerusalem in verse 2

Literally is speak to the heart. It's what the word tenderly there means to the heart The same term is used in the book of Ruth when

Ruth first meets Boaz. Remember the story. He's the landowner. He's rich. He's powerful If she's just a poor woman, she's not even an

Israelite Immigrant from a pagan people who has to pick up the leftovers from other people's harvest, but he says to her, you know

She's on her she's on his land picking up the leftovers and he comes up to her and says Listen, my daughter

She might be expecting him to wag her finger. Okay, you have to let you have take a little bit only Only take what you need go somewhere else get tomorrow.

No, he doesn't do that. He said listen my daughter You don't need to go. You don't need to go to another field you stay right here

You take whatever you want. I told my people not to bother you I've heard about your your steadfast love and Hebrew your headset for your mother -in -law

So may the Lord repay you and give you a full reward And she responded

You have comforted me and spoken kindly literally like here to my heart

Speak to the heart of Jerusalem the survivors the remnant

You might think well, they're happy to be alive Well, you wouldn't tell that to the mothers of those three University of Virginia football players.

Would you know good news? You weren't shot That would not just be cold comfort. That would be cruel

Here probably many of the survivors. I would imagine we're family of the men I would imagine some of the men sent their wives their children to huddle in Jerusalem And they stay behind with in their farms with their animals hoping that the

Assyrians would just pass through and wouldn't bother them But they were wrong Others had brothers and sisters and cousins and friends who had been butchered even if the whole family had survived

They'd go back out to Burned out houses and barns to dead or stolen animals.

There's nothing left. What do you say you speak to the heart of? Jerusalem That remnant the survivors of the judgment

And Hebrews chapter 12 verse 22 that the church. He says describes the church as the true

Heavenly Jerusalem the city of the Living God as we saw in Romans The wrath of God is being revealed against the world but God has a remnant he calls them in chapter 9 a band of survivors here at here in Isaiah in the actual history of Israel as Jerusalem the city that survived when everything else was destroyed the church is that enclave?

That God has rescued from the judgment that everyone else has suffered Speak to her heart

Cry to her in the middle of verse 2 Well, what do you say? her warfare has ended

That destruction that was unleashed that appeared like it would engulf them too It was it seemed almost certain they were gonna not die of starvation.

They were gonna be impaled. They were to be stabbed They're gonna be brutalized. But no they have survived and that war is over cry to her and say her iniquity is pardoned

The sin that brought this horrible judgment that appeared on the verge of overwhelming them for you

Has been paid You don't have to worry about paying it yourself Now they did those people outside Jerusalem the people who like each the men out in the farms in the countryside

Who got beheaded or stabbed or impaled? They weren't pardoned they had to pay for their own sins, but you don't the

Lord has protected has pardoned you Cry at the end of verse 2

That Jerusalem has received from the Lord's hand double for all her sins

First notice that it is from the Lord's hand He doesn't try to obscure that doesn't try to cover that up You know, why did this all happen?

If there's a good God and bad things happen How could that be doesn't try to dodge that at all? It is from the

Lord's hand He says this is not the spirituality of the footprints point in which in the hard times of life, you know

He's carrying you but it doesn't say anything about who's in control of those hard times by the way here Isaiah is looking out on the destruction afflicted on Judah and He says that they've received it

From the Lord's hand. Remember the Lord told Sennacherib through Isaiah. I planned your campaign of destruction

You're my instrument as Isaiah looks out in this devastated country He sees the catastrophe and he sees it as having come from the

Lord's hand. It was his rod that struck them John Bunyan said

Let us learn like Christians to kiss the rod Cry to God's people

You've received double for your sins That phrase is a little mysterious

Something it means that the judgment has been so harsh That it feels like more than they deserve

It was like double the punishment. I don't deserve this much sure. I deserve something but not this

Much this has been too bad. It's been twice as much as we we deserve

That's why they think anyway others point out that the word which is very rare means to to fold over like you might fold a sheet of paper and You double it and one side perfectly matches the other and you've to perfectly match sheets of paper

So they're saying you've gotten exactly the amount of punishment That your sins deserve the judgment matches the sin

It's probably both You'll get matching punishment But it will feel like double

It's saying that the judgment has been so horrible But so were your sins

It's comforting here because it's past tense You have received

It's over You don't have to worry about any more judgment It is finished

Now people today often don't think that pointing to the cross as where the wrath of God was satisfied

They want to point to it as something. This is what I deserve This shows how much I'm worth in the Bible it it's where the wrath of God is satisfied, but people they often think pointing to the cross for that Isn't comforting and they think that because they don't think they deserve judgment

Judgment comes the wrath of God is revealed The wages of sin is death and they are paying for it

You know every cemetery every funeral their own our own declining health Tells them that the judgment is rampaging through the world, but they don't see it

Because they think well, that's just nature. It's kind of all out of God's control They don't see

God's hand in it and even some pious people like in the footprints poem, you know They want a warm and fuzzy kind of teddy bear

God and so to them to start to talk like Isaiah here

About how he's in control of marauding armies or whatever is causing the hard times or even worse to tell them

You know, this is what your sins deserved You deserve this punishment and so you either you either take it and receive the

Double the matching amount of punishment for your sins or someone else does that for you? Now they say people today modern people say well that that isn't comforting.

That sounds brutal. That sounds barbaric. That's not comforting They want to hear how they have no sins that there is no judgment and whatever hard times they suffer just kind of random

It's out of control. The therapeutic God is the is there to carry them through it You know after all

That's what they pay him for It's like paying for their insurance. They don't want comfort

They want insurance from judgment, but the Lord offers for his people

For those who confess their sins who know their need he cries out.

He tells us to cry out Comfort Comfort the war against you is over You've been pardoned

Your sins are paid for It is finished What do you say to someone in distress

To a survivor and so much grief that he or she can only think of what's been lost Second a voice cries in verse 3

Prepare The Lord is coming What that means to you that he's coming

That's what the voice is crying is that you should prepare Speaking from the point of view of Jerusalem Isaiah on that wall looking out at the ravaged countryside

Looking out into the wilderness the rural areas. He sees the Lord is coming

He hears a voice cry out in the wilderness Way out there

Prepare the way of the Lord out in the desert make a highway make it straight for our

God He's coming to you. So make his way easy This is like the

Kings in their day. We send out messengers emissaries in front of them. They're traveling long They often called him the

Kings highway You could use it if he's not on it But if he's on it, it's the Kings highway you have to get out of the way

They send out messengers in front prepare the way You know if there were people camped on the road if there were shops set up But there were farmers markets blocking the way if caravans were traveling in the opposite direction move

Because the king is coming In verse 4 the preparation for the Lord is supernatural Every valley should be lifted up coming to Jerusalem from the east from Jericho, you know by the

Jordan River As the Lord Jesus did on his last journey there to us to the cross coming that way from the

Jordan Valley then climbs up steeply an ascent of three thousand four hundred feet and Here he's saying fill that valley in So it's not so low anymore and the mountains in the way

Well bring them down Every obstacle to the Lord is removed. Every pothole is filled.

So it's smooth Traveling it's easy for the Lord to get to his people. Of course. God is not really at all concerned about physical obstacles

He overcomes those Easily, what are the real obstacles are the sins of his people?

They're seeking first money or pleasure Their idols Even idols of good things like relationships or family the valleys

God needs filled Are the lack of love the depressed love for him in his people?

Their lukewarmness about worship that needs to be elevated The mountains he needs flattened

Are their idols the money God? their pursuit of wealth overall

Their pride so that they don't think they need pardon their ego and needs to be brought down The good thing about this passage that second cry for verses three to five is that it's easy to interpret

I didn't have to go very far to find a Good commentaries on it because it's already interpreted for us in the

New Testament Every gospel quotes this passage and applies it to John the Baptist good commentaries on this passage are

Matthew Mark Luke and John He was a voice John the Baptist was a voice calling out in the desert to the

Lord's people made straight The way of the Lord they make straight the Lord's highway by repenting turning from their sins

So, what do you say you say what John the Baptist said at the right time

There is wrath coming flee from it Repent and show your repentance in good fruit and change lives share with the poor.

Don't be greedy Don't live for money be content with what you have. Do not trust in your ethnicity

Oh God will accept it because I was born into this family. I was born into this nation No, God could make people out of stones

Into your ethnicity if that's what you think is impressive and believe in him Who was to come?

You know the one who was so great that John said I'm not worthy to To tie his shoes Believe in him

Jesus in other words a voice cries Isaiah says he's here on the wall He hears out from that wilderness the countryside a voice is crying

Prepare the way for the Lord how repent and believe in Jesus. That's how you prepare for the coming of the

Lord Of course, this is written in 701 BC and Isaiah is looking forward to the coming of the

Lord We're looking back but we're looking at the same thing Still today the cry is the same repent and believe in Jesus because it is with him when he came

After John the Baptist the verse 5 was fulfilled those verse 5 the glory of the Lord was revealed

After John when Jesus came the word became flesh and dwelt among us and we have seen his glory

Glory is that the only Son from the Father full of grace and truth

John chapter 1 verse 14 said the glory of the Lord was revealed and is now revealed in Jesus.

We are now in The time that Isaiah is speaking about from his point of view as future

We're in that time in verse 5 the glory of the Lord is right now in our day in the process of being

Revealed and all flesh all kinds of people will see it together

Either now or finally at the final judgment the end of the age the mouth of the

Lord has spoken He said it So it's being done.

What do you say to the devastated? well versus six to eight tells you a

Voice says Cry cry what?

Isaiah standing on that wall in Jerusalem 701 BC Smoldering ruin of a nation in front of him and a stunned

Surviving but grieving city behind him and he asked the Lord in verse 6 What shall

I cry what do you say? Turn their eyes to the eternal

Look at all this this wreckage of a nation in front of him size of relief sure

But also whales of moaning and mourning mixed behind him. What's become of his country?

this leftovers of a nation But that's the way Life is under the

Sun all flesh is grass and Its beauty

The word their beauty literally is steadfast love chesed

Same thing that Boaz recognized in Ruth. I've heard about your chesed steadfast love your beauty a

Famous important word in the Old Testament your your beauty the most beautiful thing that you can have is steadfast love

We're not told why Ruth looked like but Boaz praises her for the beauty of her character for steadfast love here

The beauty of The flesh will fade away. It's beauty

Like Judy at its height with this temple and his towns and his farms its beauty

Like your money Your life savings your home your family Your body whatever it is you think it is most beautiful It's like the flower of the field the grass withers the flower fades

The nation gets destroyed things fall apart bodies decline inflation diminishes your savings

Buildings need maintenance and one day have to be demolished our bodies age and fade

We try to stay in good health we eat right we exercise we rest we take our medicine we get operations and treatments

When we need them, but eventually it too is no more all flesh is

Grass and this all happens the wildflowers fade He says when the breath or the wind or the spirit it's the same word in Hebrew It blows on it

And he withers it all this is we saw it Ecclesiastes in Romans he he put the creation to bondage to decay to vanity so that we would put our hope in What is eternal?

What is over the Sun in God all flesh is grass? Don't put your hope in it in your family or your marriage or your money or your business or your pension or your health or The government or the doctors or anything under the

Sun the Spirit of God will blow on it and it will dry up And fade away

What do you say? What do you cry to people? devastated people

Who've experienced the fading away? What they thought was the most beautiful Well now after they're devastated

After the beauty has faded away now, they should be able to see it to hear the news that they wouldn't hear before Now before when they were young and they were determined to succeed

To have the cash the career the cars the house the business the relationship the family the good times

Well, then they were too full of all that all the grass too full of all that to see that it one day all that will one day dry up and blow away like like grass clippings

You couldn't tell the young woman just so full of expectations That this relationship this will be the one he will be the one to make me happy This is the secret to life that there's you couldn't tell her at that time that there's more to life

That the glory comes from elsewhere You couldn't tell the man determined to succeed to work every day

Make a success of himself Give his family all the things they want. He's gonna be rich He's gonna be he's gonna have the business.

He's gonna have it all you couldn't tell him all through his middle -aged life To seek first the kingdom of God.

He was too busy. You wouldn't slow down long enough to hear it That to be able to give his child a new car that will one day rust and be a scrap

That that isn't as vital as giving him or her hope and faith in the

Word of God If James says about this passage James commenting on this passage the the rich will pass away like a wildflower for the

Sun rises with its scorching heat and Withers the grass its flower falls and its beauty perishes so also with a rich man fade away in the midst of his pursuits in the midst of His pursuits they wouldn't listen when they were in the midst of their pursuits

When they were chasing the dollars or chasing the relationships chasing the good times. They wouldn't listen then but then one day

There's a catastrophe the phone call Sorry to inform you the diagnosis

Or they just get old and everything has faded away The child you thought you were earning all that money for doesn't care.

Maybe cares about the money but not about you And what do you have a Voice says cry to them

They need to hear the Word of God This stands forever the

Word of our God It stands forever Is that living Word of God Peter says in first Peter chapter 1 that is the imperishable seed in Paris?

What does it die It's a seed it could grow It makes you born again makes you alive and then he quotes

Peter quotes this passage from Isaiah 40 all flesh is Grass and all its glory like the flower of grass the grass withers the flower falls

But the Word of the Lord remains forever this word

Peter says that Isaiah says will stand forever is The good news that was preached to you

What Peter says the word that stands forever that Isaiah is talking about is the good news.

It's the gospel It's the gospel the Word of Christ the good news that Jesus has come the

Word of God Incarnate who became flesh and lived with us revealing his glory his glory the heaviness the weightiness of the

Lord That he's come he's received from the Lord's hand He received from the

Lord's hand double for not his sins because he didn't have any but for our sins

So that our warfare is over and our iniquity is pardoned that gospel is the living

Word of God This stands forever that never fades in the hot winds of time

What does God say to you if you're looking out over your life and you see devastation coming

Maybe you can't quite see it yet, but you know, it's out there. It's over the horizon

Decline and death, you know That all flesh is grass

And so now he cries to you Speaking to your heart

What does he cry tenderly Your iniquities are pardoned your warfare is over Hold to the good news that will stand forever