Friday Night Live! (Keith Answering Emails & Audience Questions)

Welcome to Friday Night Live, the first ever of this show on the Your Calvinist podcast with Keith Foskey. I want to thank you for joining me. If you are joining me live and if you're catching this at a later date on a recording, I hope you are doing well, but hopefully we'll have some people joining us live tonight because I will be answering live questions as they come up in the comment box.

But what I'm doing with this is I'm going to begin doing this more regularly because I'm getting emails more regularly, and I'm thankful for those emails. I'm thankful for people that want to hear what I have to say and have questions about the Bible or about church life and about ministry.

A lot of pastors send in questions, and so instead of doing a regular mailbag episode, I think I'm going to try this for a while, try a live show maybe once a week, maybe once every two weeks. We'll see how the intervals go with how the emails come in, but this is my first time doing this.

As I begin the show today, I just want to thank you for joining me, and again, my name is Keith Foskey, and this is normally the Your Calvinist podcast, but today it is Friday Night Live. Just a few things to remind you of.

This show is sponsored by—well, it is a ministry of Sovereign Grace Family Church, which is in Jacksonville, Florida. If you'd like to learn more about the church, you can go to our website, sgfcjacks .org, and also we have a shop where we have merchandise for the show, and it does help support the.

Show.

I got a new shirt today, so I wore it so that I could share it with you. This is the set of the Dude Abides. This is the Nice Abides shirt, hashtag Team Funny Man, and this is the picture from the opening crawl, and it's just a fun shirt, but there's a lot of other cool shirts.

We got a Reformator shirt on there, which has got this poster behind me on the shirt. We've got the Warning, I'm Just Barely Saved shirt, which is really funny. I wore that earlier this week, posted that.

A lot of people got a kick out of that, so it's available. You can find it in the link in YouTube, or you can just go to keithfoskey .com, and all the links are there, and that's also where you send emails.

If you have questions that you want answered, go to keithfoskey .com, and that's where you will get the email and be able to—it goes right to me. I usually answer them from my phone, so it's literally coming right to me.

It's not going through any type of a service as of yet, not using any type of any screening or anything. It just comes right in. So send me an email if you have a question. I'm thankful to have people watching.

I see Dwayne out there. Thank you, Dwayne. I see the guys at WatchWell out there. It's good to see you guys, so thankful, and I want to jump right into it because I got a lot to get to tonight. Last thing before I do, though, get out of the introduction is don't forget that we are sponsored by tinybibles .com.

They are such a huge help to the show and such a huge supporter of the show, and we want to support them. So if you want to support the show, one of the ways you can do it is buy yourself a tinybible.

Use the coupon code KEITH at checkout, and you will get a percentage off. So what am I doing? Well, today I'm going to be answering questions on emails, but first I do want to address the main issue of the day, and I want to kind of start with just sort of a disclaimer.

Yesterday was a very difficult day, and it was difficult for two reasons. One, I had a person that I love very much invite me to lunch, a person I've known for literally all my life, and told me some very difficult news from his own life, and we wept together.

We had a wonderful talk. We talked about the Lord. We talked about life. And so that was a difficult opportunity for ministry, but I was thankful that God opened that door. Get out to my truck, call my wife, and she says, Hey, did you see the news about Steve.

Lawson?

And I said, No, I hadn't. And so immediately began to look and see what had happened, and it was heartbreaking. And I have to say, the last 24 hours have been really tough, and I want to say this. I have a friend, Matthew Henson, he's been on the show.

He's my Not Yet Calvinist friend, and one of the things we talk about a lot is a 48-hour.

Rule.

And basically, the 48-hour rule is that any time a situation happens, like a big huge news story or something, especially where someone is in a scandal or something like that, we say, You know what, we're going to give it 48 hours before we say anything publicly, before we post anything about it or anything like that, because we want to see, you know, what's really happening.

A lot of stuff comes out at the beginning that's untrue or incorrect or bad information. And so I know I haven't reached the 48-hour mark yet, and I am saying something, so I am breaking the rule slightly, but I want to say this.

One, this show is not about Steve Lawson. That's not why I did the show, and that's not what I want to talk about. But I am going to address, because I did get an email question about this that I think deserves an answer.

But when it comes to the situation with Steve Lawson, I'm going to say these things. One, I'm not going to speak about anything that's unknown, and everything that is known.

Is public.

So if you want to know anything about the situation, you can go look it up. His church has posted something. His ministry, One Passion Ministry, has posted something. And so if you want to know what I know, just go read that, because that's all I know.

And I'm not going to add anything else to it. Secondly, we need to remember the promise of 1 John, which says that if we confess our sins, God is faithful to forgive us and cleanse us of all unrighteousness.

And so we should pray that for him. We should pray that everyone involved, including his wife, his church, all of the people who are affected, close and far from Steve, would be—during this time, that they would be kept in the faith, that they would be encouraged, that they would—in this brokenness, that they would pray for him.

We need to manage this well and godly and be loving as we see this. So the last thing about it is the question that I received, the email question. It's going to be our first email question of the night, and that is the question regards the handling of his materials that we have.

Obviously, Steve has confessed to a sin that's public. But what do we do now in regard to things like his books and his videos? And he was pretty prolific. He's everywhere. I mean, I've talked about him many times on the show.

In fact, I did a whole series called Not Only Water, where I was teaching how to prepare sermons. And in that series, I referenced Lawson a lot, because I had taken an online course that he had taught on sermon preparation.

So there's even a lot of material that I've done that includes Lawson's name and Lawson's thoughts and Lawson's ideas. And so the question is, well, what do we do? And the person who wrote said, basically—I'm rewording it slightly, but basically was, should we just go ahead and be done with him and not read his books, throw things away?

What should we do?

And this is my answer to that. Nothing that he has done makes any truth that he said untrue. So let me say that again. Nothing that Lawson is guilty of doing, no sin that he has committed, makes something true that he said not true.

Therefore, if he wrote books and there are true things in those books, then those true things are still true things. The true things that he said in videos and in sermons are true now as the same as they were then.

So therefore, I would not be tossing out his books. I would not be jettisoning his literature. Now there is going to be some adjustments in regard to publishing and things like that. I understand Ligonier removed him as a teacher, and I'm sure there's going to be some adjustments in the publishing side of that, but we can't control that.

But if there's a book that Steve Lawson wrote that benefited you in the past, it can still benefit you in the future. Please don't just immediately start throwing things in the trash or anything like that.

That would be my encouragement to you. I want to address one other thing, and this might get me into it a little bit, but there's a lot of people who are against Calvinism. I get that. I understand the issues.

I understand the debate maybe more than others, but I understand the debate because I've been in it and I've been a part of this. I've been professing to be a Calvinist as a preacher now for almost 20 years, and so I've seen a lot of stuff.

One of the things that's being said right now is, well, Lawson preached that God is sovereign over all things, so essentially he was just doing what God made him do because God made him do this. That is not what Calvinism teaches.

At least that is not what I teach as a Calvinist. I can't speak for every Calvinist. I can't speak for every person who claims to be a Calvinist. I do believe that God decrees all things, but that does not mean that God is the immediate cause of all things.

The Confessions address the idea of secondary causes, and it talks about God not doing violence to the will of the creature, meaning that we believe that man's will has the ability to make choices. In fact, that's the whole problem is we choose evil.

It's God who restrains us. It's God who keeps us from evil. If God is in this moment working in Steve's life and doing something in Steve's life that is allowing this for a purpose, we don't know what that purpose is, but we cannot lay this at the feet of God and say, God, you did this.

Steve is responsible for what he did, and that has to be understood. I think he would say that. I think any Calvinist would say that we are responsible for our sin, and there is a tension that we hold and that man is responsible and God is sovereign, but we have to hold both of those in tension and believe both of those because the Bible clearly teaches them.

That's as much as I'm going to say about that. I hope I didn't say too much, and again, I've not spoken about him or his character or anything like that except that I have benefited from him. I love him.

I pray for his complete repentance, and I pray for his dear wife and his church more than anyone right now because they're the ones who are hurting the most. We're going to move on to other questions because that's just a lot to deal with.

Totally different subject, completely off the subject, moving to our email questions. I want to say I try to keep these in order of when I receive them, but sometimes I move them around to put them in categories.

Let's begin with the one that's the longest back. This is an older question. This came to me a couple of weeks ago, and I've just been filing it away. Number one, I would be interested in hearing a discussion on the law of first mention.

That's the question, and if you don't know what that means, this is dealing with a hermeneutical principle. Sometimes people call it a hermeneutical law. It's not a law, but it is a hermeneutical principle that some people employ.

I heard about this when I was in seminary going through hermeneutics class. People mentioned it, talked about it, and some even endorsed it, but I don't. I do not endorse the law of first mention, but because the person asked, I want to.

Respond.

What is the law of first mention? I'm going to read a definition here. This is from GotQuestions. If you're familiar with GotQuestions, I just wanted to get a definition, so I pulled it off their website.

It says, the law of first mention says that to understand a particular word or doctrine, we must find the first place in Scripture that word or doctrine is revealed and study that passage. The reasoning is that the Bible's first mention of a concept is the simplest and clearest presentation.

Doctrines are then more fully developed on that foundation. So to fully understand an important and complex theological concept, Bible students are advised to start with its first mention. So, for instance, when you want to know what blood is referring to in the Bible when it talks about blood, go to the first place blood is mentioned, study that, and you'll learn about what the Bible talks about when it talks about blood throughout the rest of the Scriptures.

And I know there are a lot of people who support this idea. There are even a lot of websites, as I was researching for tonight's show, they were saying, you know, this is a proper hermeneutical method.

Some people, again, called it a righteous or a law, a hermeneutical law. And I think it's, I think it's poppycock. I just don't agree. And I know some people might get mad at me for saying that. I just, I just, I don't get it.

I think context is so much more important than how a term is used in a different book or in, you know, like if Moses uses a term, it might be used completely different by David in the Psalms. It might be used completely different by Jesus in the New Testament or by Paul.

And so the law of first mention doesn't resonate with me as having very much value. Now, I will say that in a in a pericope or a passage that I'm studying, if a term is used multiple times, that might be something worth saying, OK, well, how is it used the first time?

That might have some some value within the context of a passage. But again, context is key when you're when you're studying, when you're teaching, when you're when you're proclaiming God's word, context matters most.

So the idea that there's a something about the law of first mention, if there's any value to it, it's very little. I don't think it has much. And I want to I want to recommend someone to you. And if you don't know who this guy is, you should.

His name is Jonathan Burris. He is a pastor who has a great YouTube channel. He did a whole video on the law of first mention, and he is basically saying some of the same things I am, but he goes a little deeper.

So if this is a subject you want to dive further into, look up Jonathan Burris, that's B-U-R-R-I-S, and check him out. Look up the law of first mention with Jonathan Burris and hear what he has to say.

And I think that's as far as I'm going to go on that question, except to say I will try after the after tonight's show to link Jonathan's video in the notes. So I'm going to go back and I am going to do I'm going to timestamp this video when I'm done.

I'm going to timestamp all the questions. So that is that's that's the plan. Timestamp everything. And and with this, I'll include the link to his video. All right, number two, getting on number two. Well, let me just say this.

I see the comments coming in and I just saw a friend, Listening Servants Ministry, said I'm a charismatic Christian, but I love your videos. Well, thank you. I appreciate that word of encouragement. And so I appreciate that so much.

And Rob, you're saying I'm pulling a Mike Winger. Hey, man, Mike Winger is not the first dude to ever answer emails live online. OK, however, I do think my I think a lot of Mike, I think a lot of his stuff is good.

And so, you know, if you're going to if you are going to copy somebody, copy the good guys. Right. Yeah. So I'm not necessarily copying him, but I mean, Gabe does this to Gabriel Hughes of the when we understand the text, he does a regular email response.

So I'm not just copying him. I'm copying everybody. You know what the difference is between plagiarism and research is plagiarists copy from one person and researchers copy from everybody. That's the rule.

All right. All right.

And Biblical Baptist said I don't have the winger counter. I don't know what that means, but we'll we'll move on. I guess I don't watch Mike enough to even even know what what that's referring to. OK, moving on to question number two.

What is your position on miraculous images or cloths from church history? Would it change the reform position on the Second Commandment violation? And the person who wrote this email wrote a lot more.

He was talking about the Shroud of Turin, he was talking about images of Mary that have been seen in different places, glass and in the sky and things like that. And and he's asking about these miraculous images.

For the most part, my understanding is that the vast majority of these things are are simply to be written off as coincidental, you know, something that looks like the Virgin Mary. I remember one time years ago, Virgin Mary was burned into a piece of bread or something, you know, something like that just seems to me to be grasping at best.

You know, it's like a person looking at a at a cloud and, you know, one person says they can see something, another person doesn't see it. And it's really just to me, it's not there's very little value there.

Now, the Shroud of Turin is a little different because it's actually a physical it's something physical we can handle and look at and see. But I still don't believe that it's the shroud that Jesus was wrapped in.

Personally, I don't believe that. And for multiple reasons, but just outright, I don't accept that that is the burial cloth of Jesus. Having said that. I want to say this because the question goes on to say, well, if these are images of if the Shroud of Turin has a, you know, the image of Christ on it or if the if the image of Mary is is found on something or, you know, in a picture or, you know, sky or something, does this mean the second commandment violation is out?

Well, here's where I would maybe differ from some of my Reformed friends and Reformed, you know, within the Reformed camp, there's different views on this. I don't believe that every image of Jesus, like a drawing or a painting or something, I don't believe everyone violates the second commandment.

And I know there are people who do. I have done a show on this with a very good friend of mine who's a Presbyterian. He held the position that every image of Christ, every drawing, everything that is meant to represent Christ is a second commandment violation.

I sort of take Sproul's approach. I don't think that's correct. Sproul believed that you could have an image of Christ and it not be a violation of the second commandment because of Christ's human nature, because that's what's being depicted as human nature.

So there are some differences here. There's differences within the Reformed camp of how this is to be understood. So ultimately, the second commandment violation question to me is, I would answer it differently than maybe someone from the position who would say every image of Christ is a second commandment violation.

However, saying that, I do also think that shows like The Chosen are not good, not because necessarily that they're breaking the second commandment, but because shows like that are creating in the minds of people that this is what Jesus was like and it's not what the Bible says Jesus was like.

And I do think there's danger in that. And so hopefully that makes sense. Hopefully there can be an understanding of the difference there. But I do want to add one other thought. I mentioned earlier, I mentioned Jonathan Burris's video in regard to the Shroud of Turin.

Eschatology Matters, who most people know, good friend of mine, Brandon Wood and Josh Howard and the guys have been so good to me and so sweet to me, is Josh Howard and the guys at Eschatology Matters did a video on the Shroud of Turin very recently.

And so if you want to go further into that, I'm going to link their video in the description as well. And I promise all my answers tonight are not just going to be, hey, watch this guy's video or watch this guy's video.

But there are, because I have a lot to get to, I did research out some things that maybe could take you further. So if you want to go further, then I would point you to that video by Josh Howard and the guys at Eschatology Matters.

OK, a lot of questions are coming in. All right, interesting observation station says, and this is just to go along with what I just said, a lady in my church loved the Chosen. Her love for the Bible kept waning.

She wanted more action, she said. That's really interesting, sad, but not unsurprising, unfortunately, that would happen. We're a very visual culture and we love movies and TV. And so I can see how that would happen to someone, but it's discouraging to hear that it does happen.

All right. I have another email to get to, but I'm going to answer this question real quick. Under consideration, ask this question, is Greg Locke a false teacher? I have heard Greg Locke say some things that make me very concerned about his theology and doctrine, not just because he is charismatic, but because he has done things with men like Kenneth Copeland, which would be, and I know you can't do it well, sin by association.

Well, with guys like Kenneth Copeland, that's pretty dangerous to go hanging out with guys like that because it kind of shows where your heart is. And I have some real issues for him. However, I heard recently that he was attacked.

I think his house was shot at. That's terrible. That's terrible. But at the same time, I do believe he is teaching things that are not according to scripture. I've done videos teasing him because he talks about having witches in his church and stuff.

I don't know what his doctrines are specifically, but if his behavior is indicative of his doctrine, I would say it's pretty dangerous. And yes, it was Benny Hinn, not Kenneth Copeland. Thank you. Too legit to quit.

By the way, awesome name. Said he apologized, but you're right. That's who I was thinking, not Kenneth Copeland. So thank you for that, for that. And so I would say false and certainly is hanging out with false teachers and has some dangerous doctrine.

All right. Number three, this question I was a little concerned about answering because I have a feeling my answer is not going to satisfy a lot of people. But I'm not here to satisfy people. I'm here to try to speak the truth as well as I can and be according to scripture.

So number three from the mailbag question is, for those of us who are unable to get their children out of public school due to different circumstances, what can we do to combat the junk they are taught?

Could you please give some practical things we can do? Since most times the kids shan't mention anything that they heard at school when asked to make sure they are equipped. I'm sorry, that was a little weird because there's a they put a parenthesis in there.

The kids aren't answering the question, what are you learning at school? So how can we be equipped? And so right away, I want to address the immediate response that some are going to give, and that is that everybody should homeschool, everybody should do homeschool, and if you're not, you're sinning.

I don't believe that's the case. And let me give you a couple of just very quick examples. Number one, some people cannot homeschool because of the situation that they are in with a divorce. If a person has been divorced and they have children that are now the parents are divorced and they're being required for that child to go to school, that's one situation where they may have to go to school and it may have to be a public school.

Or it might be like I had the situation with my children. My first two children were adopted through foster care. And because we adopted them through foster care while they were being fostered, they had to go to public school during their foster care.

So when they were finally able to come out of foster care and become our adopted children, we were then able to school how we chose and we eventually did choose homeschooling and then we have done private schooling as well.

So we've done all three. We've done public school. We have done homeschool. We have done private school. And somebody said that's extreme. There are people who believe that if you don't homeschool, you're in sin.

I don't believe that. And so, and I just gave you two examples as to why some people can't homeschool for these reasons. And there are other reasons why homeschooling may not be available to someone. So what do you do if your children have to go to public school?

That's the question. And that's the question I want to answer. Some people would say, well, they should never have to go to public school. Well, that's not the case. And so let's deal with what is not with what you think should be.

And so, and I want to say I'm speaking from two positions of, I would say somewhat, not necessarily positions of authority, but positions of knowledge. One, my degree is in teaching.

Okay.

So I have a doctorate in ministry. I have a master's degree in theology, but I have my bachelor's is in social science with a concentration in education. So that's my educational background is on teaching.

And I spent all of my time in seminary. I worked for a high school as a paraprofessional while I was doing seminary, I was also working at a high school and serving as a youth pastor. So I was doing all those things simultaneously.

So I have worked in a high school as a paraprofessional working with special needs children for several years. Then when I became a pastor, I took on a job as a substitute teacher where I served for eight years in public school, working as a substitute teacher in middle school and high school, primarily middle school.

And I did that for all of those years. So I have a lot of experience in the public school system. And are there things that are taught in public school, which are antithetical to our faith? Yes, there are.

But there are Christian teachers that try to be good public school teachers. So one of the things I could say, if you're a person whose children have to go to school, my encouragement to you is to get to know your children's teachers, when they're younger, it's easier because they usually have one or two teachers.

They don't change classes as much. When they get into the high school level, it's going to be a little harder to get to know their teachers. But if your students are going to go to school anyway, and you have to send them to school for whatever reason, like I said, we've already talked about a couple of reasons, if they're going to go to school anyway, then ultimately get to know the teachers as best you can.

Let the teachers know you. And if there is in that interaction, as you're talking to them, if you come to find out that the teacher's a Christian, great, then you can have those conversations with them about things that are being taught.

If the teacher's not a Christian or opposed to Christianity, then you may then be able to help navigate your child in that class. And let me give you another thought. I'm public school. I was taught through public school.

I am a product of public school, but it was small town public school. And I know people say, oh, well, that doesn't matter. Well, it kind of did for me. The first time I ever heard anyone who really challenged evolution was my science teacher in, I want to say middle school.

His name was Mr. Kelly.

Mr.

Kelly was our football coach, but he was also the science teacher. And in his science class, he said, the book says men come from primates. He said, but I don't believe that because I'm a Christian. I believe we were created by God.

This was my science teacher in school telling me this. And I had never heard anyone challenge that because again, I grew up in a church. I was in the disciples of Christ church. So doctrine and theology, and especially creationism and stuff wasn't a big thing that was taught.

So, so I had the benefit of school teacher who actually told me, hey, I believe that this is wrong and what your book says is wrong. And I was like, man, that's great. So my point is, get to know your teachers, get to know your students' teachers, be on the lookout for things that are going to be things that they, that would disagree with our worldview and help your students understand that.

Also reinforcing them a biblical worldview. You have the responsibility to, to, to, to be your children's discipler. Our church is family integrated and therefore our church does not practice a youth ministry.

But we do try to equip families, particularly fathers, to, to disciple their children. And I've made this joke before. I've said, our church doesn't have a youth pastor. We have 40 youth pastors because every, every father is a youth pastor if he's a father.

And so that's our, that's our situation. Now I want to, I want to respond to, well, let me finish this thought. And then I'll respond to Gina because she said something very important. So my point is you, your, your responsibility as father or mother is to instill that, that worldview in your children.

If you're sending them to school, they're, they're are getting the other worldview pushed into them. So your job is going to be harder. Get to know their teachers, do your best to continue to reinforce that worldview and pray for them.

Pray that God will save them. God saved me. And I, and I was a public school kid. Now I want to address what Gina said. And Akilah, I think I'm saying that right, Akilah, Akilah. So we have two, you have Gina who said Florida is in the Bible Belt, not in New England up here.

Public school is pretty rough. I, I, I imagine that is true. I don't disagree with you. And Akilah or Akilah said the same thing. I'm in San Diego, California. Public school is pretty wicked here. I imagine that is absolutely true.

And, and I'm not trying to give a pie in the sky answer. I'm really not. I'm saying, if this is the situation you're in, the very best you can do is to get to know your, your, your, your students, teachers, reinforcing them a biblical Christian worldview.

Love them, teach them, pray for them and trust God with them. That's, that's my answer. And I, and I pray it's a helpful one. Hopefully there's at least some insight into what I said about getting to know the teachers.

I think that's very helpful. I think that's very helpful. Cause again, you'll know more about who and what you're dealing with and, and, and perhaps who your, who your friends and foes may be when it comes to worldview.

All right.

Hopefully that was helpful. So now moving on to number four. You know what I'm not doing? And I said, I was going to do, I said, I was going to write down the timestamps for these and I didn't. Well, timestamp 35 for, for, for this question, going into question number four is a question from a young man.

This is actually the son of a listener. He said, my son wants to know your thoughts on women being silent in church. And would that also include singing? That's a very good question. And, and hopefully the parents of this will see this.

We'll show this to the child. I just want to say great question, insightful question. And it's one that I think a lot of people don't even think about when they're wrestling with the question of what does the Bible teach about the differing roles of men and women?

So the question of, well, does that affect women singing? So let's start back at where does this question come from? First Corinthians 14 says that women are to be silent in the church. That is a passage which creates an awful lot of argument and frustration with people.

And some people don't really know how to respond. They get upset about it. They say, that's just Paul. Let's, that's just Paul being a sexist or something like that, which is not true. But it does address the question of what did Paul mean when he said that women are to be silent in the church?

And if they have questions, they should ask their husbands at home. And there are differences of opinion on how this is interpreted. Certain scholars come to different conclusions about what Paul is actually addressing in the Corinthian church.

That there was, some people believe there was a, like a cohort of women who were trying to take over the services and Paul is not silencing all women, but he's silencing those women who were trying to usurp the services and things like that.

There's not a lot of information in the text to deal with that and come to that conclusion. Some of that is speculation. Some of that's basing it on the use of the language and how Paul is using that language.

But we can go back to, we can go back to 1 Timothy and we can say that Paul clearly says that women are not to exercise authority or usurp authority over men or to teach, but they are to remain quiet.

And so it's not as if it's only, it's not as if this is only said once. And it's not as if this is only said in one congregation, because again, when Paul's writing to Timothy, he's writing to a different church and different congregation, different context than he says in Corinthians.

And as Mary just mentioned, as in all the churches, that's pretty clear.

Yeah. Okay.

That's right. So I do believe this prohibition does refer to women of all time for all time. It didn't go away with the women's liberation movement or feminism of the 20th century or any of that. None of that made these commands go away.

So what we have, I think, particularly in 1 Corinthians 14 and 1 Timothy 2, is we have a prohibition of women speaking authoritatively in the assembly. Therefore, they would be prohibited from preaching.

They would be prohibited from teaching men and women in the church, men and women together, not women specifically, but teaching men and women in the church collectively. So the corporate body when gathered should not be taught by or authoritatively led by women.

That would be my answer to what does it mean when it says women are to be silent. It does not mean that a woman cannot speak at all in the confines of the church building. It doesn't mean that a woman can't have a conversation.

It doesn't mean that a woman can't even say amen during a sermon, depending on the context of the church. Some churches, they don't allow for that anyway, because, you know, the whole frozen chosen thing.