Answering ASU Students, Union With Christ and Chat GPT

The Greatest Commandment and the Foundation of Faith

When the Scribes and Pharisees asked our Lord about the greatest commandment, He replied, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.

So why do we hear some of today's most prominent pastors saying things like this?

It had everything to do with how we talk about the Bible, and specifically, or along with that, what we point to as the foundation of faith, which for most Christians, unfortunately, is.

The Bible. We need to do better. We need to love God with all our hearts, and stand unashamedly on the rock of His Word. We need to love the Lord with all of our souls, and respond to the worldview issues of our day with the wisdom and discernment that comes only from Him.

We need to love the Lord with our minds, and understand the calling of God's people in every area of life in God's world. We need to love the Lord our God with all our strength, and face the work of building a life-giving, God-honouring culture.

Join us for 10 days at the Runner Academy for Cultural Leadership as we consider how the gospel influences all of life and culture, and the role that we have to play in applying foundational Christian thinking to every area of life.

This is the Academy. I am Eli Ayala of Revealed Apologetics, and I will be bringing a six-part series on presuppositional apologetics.

What is this called, the Apology Academy? It's just called THE Academy. Okay.

Show Open, Announcements, and Guest Introductions

What's up, everybody? My name is Pastor Jeff Durbin, and you're watching Collision Today. I'm gonna be interacting with an atheist on TikTok. So here we go.

Unsupervised and unhinged.

Welcome back to Cultus the Aftermath.

Hey, everybody. Welcome back to another episode of Ask Me Anything. You are watching Apologia Radio's after show exclusively for all access.

Non-rockabodas must stop. I don't want to rock the boat. I want to sink it.

Are you gonna bark all day, little doggie? Or are you gonna bite? We're being delusional. Delusional? Yeah. Delusional's okay in your worldview. I'm an animal. You don't chastise chickens for being delusional.

You don't chastise pigs for being delusional. So you calling me delusional using your worldview is perfectly okay. It doesn't really hurt. It's the hung up on me. What?

What? What? Desperate times call for faithful men and not for careful men. The careful men come later and write the biographies of the faithful men, lauding them for their courage. Go into all the world and make disciples.

Not go into the world and make buddies.

Not to make brosives. Don't go into the world and make homies. Disciples. I got a bit of a jiggle neck.

That's a joke, pastor. When we have the real message of truth, we cannot let somebody say they're speaking truth when they're not.

Yeah. And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, behold, the dwelling place of God is with man. He will dwell with them and they will be his people. And God himself will be with them as their God.

That is Revelation 21 .3. Amen. That's what it's all about. Amen. That's the goal. So if you're watching on YouTube or watching live on YouTube or if you're listening to this later on the podcast, you've already recognized that I'm not Jeff.

It's true. And that's not Luke. That is Zach Conover. Director of Communications with EAN and Abortion Now. He's typically on the show and he's probably going to be a regular moving forward. My name is Isaac.

I'm the production manager here at Apologia Studios.

Let's jump into it. All right. I got blinded by your shirt for a second.

Oh, yeah. A few things here. We got Los Angeles Dodgers hat. There's a lot going on. Dallas Cowboys mug, of course. You guys might know me from Ask Me Anything. There are times where I'll pull out the Dallas Cowboys mug.

Okay. It seems to be kind of an attention grabber. We got the lo-fi chill beats. The Hawaiian t-shirt. All these things that kind of, you know, we're dialing it back a little bit. We're not taking a step back, but we're kind of dialing it back.

Kind of just approaching it, you know, a little bit differently this time.

It's not your run-of-the-mill Apologia Radio episode. It's not. I mean, I don't know who left us in charge, but there's a little bit of alternative flavor going on here. We got a message on Monday.

Right. Because the pastors aren't here.

Right. We're on sabbatical. What's the saying? When the cats are away, the mice, what is it? Play? Yeah. I've heard that. And that's kind of what it is here at the studio. The pastors are not here, and so here we are.

That's right. But we did get a message on Monday from Jeff saying, Hey, you guys need to do an Apologia Radio. We kind of convened and thought, Hey, what should we do? Let's change things up a little bit.

And so yeah, here we are. Good to be here. To kind of start things off, I want you guys to make sure that you guys are interacting with us in the live chat. I'm looking at it now. We will be responding to any super chats at the end of the program.

So go ahead and put in those super chats if you guys have any questions. And then, like I said, throughout the episode, we'll be looking at some of these comments here that you guys are making. I'm looking at them now and trying to keep up with them.

I see a real interesting one from someone that you might know. I don't know if you've ever heard of Eric. Oh, yeah, look at that.

He's hating on your Dallas Cowboys mug, though. I'm telling you, dude, it's an attention grabber. I mean, you love them or you hate them. That's right. He says, Dallas Cowboys mug is super dispy. Oh, man.

So he's saying... That's like the worst insult. ...pessimism. Right. And some people mentioning some stuff here about ChatGBT. We'll kind of get to that as I introduce the show. So, yeah, bring in those super chats if you guys have any questions and we'll see what we can do and hopefully address those at the end of the program.

Also, too, following this, right after this, we'll be on ApologiaStudios .com. The after show. And we got some things planned for that and I'll talk about that here in a bit. But that's where else you can find us.

ApologiaStudios .com. We got tons of things that are available to you at ApologiaStudios .com. We're working on a lot of different content that we're putting up there. So kind of just some announcements before we kind of introduce the show here.

Beginning on Monday. If you have an account at ApologiaStudios .com Which you should.

Hopefully you do if you're tuning in today. Because there's two options. You can get all access.

With a paid subscription. You can also have a free account. And with the free account, you get tons of free videos and information and shows from Apologia Studios. But you also get bonds in you as well.

Yes. So if you go and sign up for a free account, you get bonds in you. We are continuing to post courses every single week. We have at least one to two courses being posted every single week automatically at this point.

Everything's good to go. Audio's been mastered. So we're all set. What a body of work. A phenomenal body of work. So many resources available for free with that free account. So if you have a free account and you log in on Monday, May 22nd, so this Monday, and you just have the free account, we're going to give you all access for seven days free.

And you have seven days to kind of look and see and go and listen and learn with all the content that we're currently putting up and all the content that we have put up in the past. You can listen to The New Academy by Eli Ayala on Presuppositional Apologetics.

All six courses are, all six lectures, that is, are there and ready for you. Tomorrow on YouTube, we're going to be putting the free Presuppositional Apologetic the first lecture by Eli Ayala. We're putting it up free tomorrow on YouTube.

Treat yourself. Yes. He did a phenomenal job. So be on the lookout for that on YouTube tomorrow. Of course, now that we have Eli out of the way and we have the Presuppositional Apologetic six lecture course, we're now moving into Andrew Sandlin.

Oh, and you do not.

Trust me when I say you do not want to miss his course on prayer. Yes. It's titled The Power of Prayer.

And it's only a three part but those three lectures are phenomenal. Yes. Phenomenal. So be on the lookout for that on All Access. We have Ask Me Anything, which is I like it. It's great. It's just an opportunity for you guys that are All Access members to be blessed and ask Jeff anything.

That's actually going to air live on Monday as well at 1pm Arizona time. So if you have All Access, tune in. If you don't you have the free account. Sign in. You get All Access free and then you can watch Ask Me Anything with Jeff Durbin.

And it's just that. You get to ask him anything from personal tidbits to, you know,.

Deep theological questions. What's your favorite candy, Jeff? What's your favorite candy? I know that. But the question is do you know that? Sour Patch Kids, I'm assuming. Anything sour and gummy and chewy and stringy.

That's right. If you know Jeff, he's.

All about that life. That's right. And of course, like I said, Bonts and you. So that's kind of the announcements out of the way. I appreciate you guys' patience on that. So what's in line for us today?

Public Square Questions from ASU Students

Okay, let's talk about that. What's the layout? We got a few segments that we want to cover. I'm super excited. I'm very excited, bro. It's great to be here with you. We're going to talk about Union with Christ primarily.

Yes. Okay. We're going to respond to some questions that we were able to gather from ASU students. And then we're going to end with kind of some fun with Chat GPT. All right.

I'm down. Let's do it.

And before we move into our first segment, though, I have a surprise for you guys. All right. These right here are four. One's a book. And I guess one is, or three of them are booklets.

Yeah, let's be clear. They all are.

Books. They're all books. Pages, letters, writing. There's paper, and there's information on this paper. These, of course, are.

Authored by my favorite. I mean, isn't he everybody's favorite? If you go to Apologia, if you work here, then you know he's probably most people's favorite.

And see, so I know for sure Conover has read all of.

These books. Uh-huh. Yes. Oh, yeah. So are these good? Oh, yes. Yes. No, if you... So I would say the first place you need to start in Joe Boots arsenal is the Mission of God, which you don't see here.

But the amazing thing about these booklets is each of them are bite-sized pieces of content from the Mission of God. So for mission, for government, he even has one for life that we've given out to our church partners for end abortion now.

So all of those draw heavily from that. And then Ruler of Kings, of course, is kind of that magnum opus to sphere sovereignty and the recognition of the state, the fact that they have to honor Christ and what the implications are in the life of the church and our role and how those things relate to one another, how those various spheres relate and talk to each other.

Yeah, definitely required reading, I would say.

Great. Okay. So we have four titles, Ruler of Kings, For Life, Defending the Unborn, For Government, Toward a Christian View of Authority, For Mission, The Need for Scriptural Cultural Theology. So this is what I want to do.

I want to give away these books. Give away. I want to give away these books for free. So this is what I want you to do. Those who are listening live on YouTube or tomorrow on the podcast, I want you guys to email me at isaac at apologiastudios .com.

That's I-S-A-A-C at apologiastudios .com. So you're going to send me an email and you're going to put in the subject line Joe Boot is my favorite. Okay? Joe Boot is my favorite in the subject line.

Even if he isn't? He should be. Okay? So maybe kind of like it's kind of a name it, claim it type thing. Once you say it, it's just going to soak in.

Okay. Yeah. You'll get the idea when you get the books. Right. So like I said, Isaac at apologiastudios .com. Okay? And in the subject line, you're going to put. Joe Boot is my favorite.

You're going to email me and the first. No, no, sorry, sorry, sorry. The 25th email that I receive with that in the subject line.

Is the winner. Okay. You got to be 25.

You got to be number 25. All right. Okay.

This reminds me of those radio giveaways. You know, if you're the 25th caller, then you get the free two-week trip. We don't have a free two-week trip anywhere. We don't. But what we do have are some stellar.

Resources theologically to equip you. Yes. Ruler of Kings and then, of course, these other three booklets. So email me, Isaac at apologiastudios .com. If you're number 25 with the subject line, Joe Boot is my favorite, then I will get in touch with you, of course, via that email thread.

And we'll get these books sent out. So that's something for all you guys to look forward to. All right. So with that, yesterday, and this is segment number one. Yes. Okay. So segment number one. Officially.

We're calling this.

The Public Square. I love it. You love that? I mean, that's what it is.

You like that? Yeah. Do you think it would be... Let me ask you this. Do you think that's a good title for just a show in general? The Public Square. You go out into the street. We film interactions.

Yeah. The Public Square. Which, I mean, that the people that are tuned in to our content on a day-in and day-out basis, that is, I mean, one of the primary reasons that they come is to, you know, be equipped to interact, to answer challenges to the faith, to go out and actually bring the gospel, you know, out into the public square.

So absolutely. Yeah.

It's an essential element of what we do here. Yep. So this first segment, we're calling it The Public Square. This is what we did. We thought to ourselves, okay, what's something we can do? What's something that's going to be beneficial for you?

I had Zach go out to ASU yesterday along with Gabe, who's also a part of this show, but he's kind of behind the scenes.

Yeah. Behind the camera. Like Isaac, usually. Yeah. Operating the.

Switcher, mixing the audio, all that good stuff. Thank you, Gabe. He went out with Conover yesterday to the campus here in Tempe, ASU, Arizona State University on a hot,.

Sunny Wednesday afternoon. Yeah. For those of you who don't know Arizona, it's starting to warm up a little bit. Oh. It's not, I mean, it hasn't been really poured on yet, but we're getting there. You can feel it.

Oh, yeah. You can definitely feel it.

And so they went out yesterday and the goal was to not engage in conversation, but just get some questions. Right. We'll play a clip, and this will kind of set the context for you as far as the question that we asked, but I guess for now, what was the question that you asked?

So, I mean, really, it's great to do this kind of thing, too, because.

These are our future. These young people on university campuses and college campuses, and so it was interesting for me to kind of get a taste of the things that are on people's minds. And what I mean by that is the question that I asked, you know, I would approach people, ask them if they were a student here, and then I would say, you know, if you could ask a conservative, Bible-believing Christian one thing, what would that be?

And most people kind of paused at first, and they said, wow, man, I don't really know, or I need to think about that. And then, you kind of ask variations of it, like, well, is there anything about what a conservative, Bible-believing Christian, you know, that loves Jesus with all their heart, that would concern you about what they believe?

You know, and that kind of allowed people to, I think, more easily come up with things that they would ask. And of course, the responses varied, because, you know, it's a very diverse group of people.

But that's the question that was posed to them. Okay. And.

How many people did you ask? How many did you get? So, kind of, what was the percentage? Were people kind.

Of readily... I'd say there was about 25 to 30 people I tried to get, right? It wasn't very busy in terms of foot traffic at that time. Okay. But I believe we got 8 to 10 solid responses. Some people, like, well, I can't think of anything.

And then, you know, they walk off, you know. So they actually would engage and talk. But when it came to actually providing an answer, they wouldn't or they didn't have anything. So I'd say we got about 8 solid responses of, you know, the people that actually engaged.

Okay. Cool. All right. So,.

This is the goal. We're gonna see if we can get through at least three of those questions. Okay. And then anything that's left over, we'll get to as many as we can. But anything that's left over, we're gonna carry on into the after show.

So if you guys, after this, stick around for the after show. Of course, that's on ApologyofStudios .com. That's for all our All Access members. If you guys stick around for that, we're then gonna tackle the remainder of the questions, see what we can get through.

But let's go ahead and let me pull up this first one here real fast. This is a question that I think is quite common. I think it's valuable to at least for the audience to address, just because this is something you're gonna hear quite often, especially in our society today.

Yeah.

In our current cultural context, this is front and center.

So go ahead and cue that up, Gabe. I'm gonna go ahead and play this. And this is question number one. Again, this is from Arizona State University. Question one.

Why not just love everyone? Okay. Why not just love everyone? Why not? Yeah. Why not? I think the first step to providing an answer to this is providing a definition of love. That's right. That's really what it comes down to here.

So the culture and the world, they're working with a particular definition of love. And that definition is far and away different from the definition of love that we find in Scripture. Right? What God defines as love.

And normally when you hear this kind of quip or remark, it is placed in a certain context of discussion. And, I mean, where we've noticed it in particular is in the area of sexual ethics. So why don't you just love everyone?

Well, who are the people that we are referencing here? Because there must be someone that's being referenced that is being excluded from the kind of, say, acceptance, validation, which has more to do with how they're defining love than the Scriptures would.

There's a particular person that's in mind here. And there's a particular either lifestyle choice or decision possibly, you know, about what one does with their body and who they do it with, whether it's their own or whether it's with someone else.

And so, this is normally where this question relates to. Why don't you just love everybody? In other words, kind of the assumption here is Christians are mean-spirited and hateful towards, you know, the homosexual or the transsexual or the person that just simply makes a different lifestyle choice than you.

Why don't you just love everyone, right? And of course, it could be broader than that. It could be related to sexual ethics. It could be just related to a certain decision they make about how to live their lives.

Why don't you just love everybody? But again, I mean, just starting off the discussion here, we have to define what that is.

That's right. Yeah. That's kind of where, when I first heard that the question, that's kind of where I was going to. That's my first initial thought. And it's interesting too, because I think even for Christians as well, I think this is something that is important to discuss.

Because when I've had conversations with people in reference to maybe my understanding of God's law, they'll be quick to point out that the New Testament isn't so much about law, but it's more about love.

Right. Grace. And grace. Right. And the question that I have for them is, well, how is love defined in the New Testament? How is love defined by Christ himself? And what we know is that Christ said, the law and the prophets hang on these two things.

Right. Right. Love God with all your heart, soul, mind, and strength, and love your neighbor as yourself. And so what God is doing is he's saying that true love is defined by the law. By his law. By his law.

Right. His word. If we want to know how to love someone, then we have to go to the word of God to inform us on what love is. Yes. And, you know, and of course, that's, you know, like you said, that the world just has, they have a different definition of what love is.

And so as a Christian, to the world, it may seem as though we're unloving. Yeah. Or hateful. Or hateful. Or bigoted. Or bigoted. Yes. But ultimately, of course, we're displaying true love. I don't know if you want to.

Talk more about that. I think that's key in providing the definition. I mean, we're talking about a working Christian definition of love is simply this. Treating our neighbor lawfully from the heart. That's what the Bible would define as love.

Treating our neighbor lawfully from the heart. That is according to what God's standards say. That's how we should treat them. So, contextualize that a bit and flesh it out and make the application here.

Loving someone does not include accepting the things that God says he will not accept. That is not an example of Christian love to have unconditional acceptance of all of a person's many huge proclivities and sinful choices.

Whether they be lifestyles or even desires that they're harboring in their heart. Christian love is not making allowance for those things and just saying, you know what, you're okay. Just the way that you are.

You can keep all those things and still have peace with God. A relationship with God where there isn't this ongoing hostility between you and your creator because of your fallen nature, right? Because all of us fundamentally have the same problem.

It doesn't matter what the sin is in terms of how it separates us from God, but we cannot love and we cannot be loving outside of following the prescription of God's word and his law and therefore we cannot accept, promote, make peace with if you will, or celebrate which is what the world is commanding that we do.

Things that are contrary to.

God's will. Right. And dehumanizing. Ultimately, yes, this is about.

Worship. This is about what it means to image God faithfully. If we are not being an accurate picture of who we were created to be, then that leads away from God. It leads to misery, death, destruction, and a dehumanization of the creature that's made in.

His image. Right. I mean, there's so many presuppositions that go into understanding what the loving approach would be to a fallen humanity. And it starts in the beginning. God created. God created, therefore God defines.

He defines life and he defines lifestyle. He created us in his image and anything contrary to what he created us for is dehumanizing. And not only is it dehumanizing, but ultimately sin separates us from God.

And I mean, of course we're going to kind of talk about that. What God is doing in Christ to make us fully human. To make us fully human. To restore us in Christ who is the ultimate humanity. He is God in the flesh.

The perfect man. The head of the new human race.

And interesting too because the next question we're going to go into, and not quite yet, but it's going to address kind of the, it's going to be about whether or not we're anxious. Right. And we'll get to that question, but I just thought it'd be something to kind of even discuss now because our goal, ultimately when we evangelize or have any type of disagreement, when we go onto the street, when we engage people, is we want to glorify God in the proclamation of that truth.

Amen. We want to be a part of God's mission and what he's doing to restore all that has been lost. To be the means that he uses to call a people unto himself. Right. And also too our goal is to reach the lost.

To love our neighbor and calling them back to the very source of life who is God and ultimately the experience of that in Christ. And that brings a peace. Yes. It brings a restored life. It brings a new creation.

It brings a newness. Yes. It brings a joy that surpasses understanding. It brings a joy that surpasses any type of suffering that they're going to experience in this fallen world. Which of course we all experience because we live in the same context.

But when you have a creature in hostility as you said with their creator, there's no peace in that. There's no experience of an ultimate fulfillment or satisfaction.

So coming off at any point. Well the Bible gets at that in numerous ways. I mean we're talking about divine wisdom here. We're talking about the way God made the world. He made it to operate according to certain norms, structures, patterns.

And when we cut with the grain of that, we are living in accordance with the purpose for which we were created. And we are operating according to God's norms, his creational normativity, his laws, his structure.

And that brings blessing and life. But when we cut against the grain, when we attempt to jump out of the window thinking that we can fly and that there isn't such a thing as gravity, that never ends well.

It ends in destruction when we try to live apart from the way God has created us to live. And notice we keep using that terminology, creation. It's so foundational to the good news because that's what salvation does for us.

It restores us to our created purpose which has been lost because of sin.

Right. Of course the question that's asked is asked in passing. There probably be some things I would like to ask this individual. Maybe some examples that he would have when he has come across Christians that have been.

Unloving. What do you mean by that? That's probably how I would ask. Right. What do you mean by that?

What's been your experience as far as people you know that have professed, let's say, Christ? Because I'm not saying that there isn't times where people who profess Christ can be jerks.

They may have treated their neighbor unlawfully. That's right.

But of course, like I said, if we were to narrow this down, that's kind of where we would go with this individual. How do you define love? Who gets to define love? Is it the God who says He is love? Right.

Is it the God who's created all things?

That not only defines life but also lifestyle. Who has authority in this conversation? Do you get to define meaning for yourself or does the God who made all things? That's right. Let's go ahead and go into the next question.

Let's do it. This one is the one I was talking about. Yeah, this is actually the last one of the day. Oh, was it?

Okay. Not today, but yesterday. No, no. Yeah, yesterday.

We caught her crossing the street and she said, You know what? I need to go get some lunch. I can't think of anything, but catch me on the way back. We just happened to be walking out and she was walking past us and I said, Well, how about now?

Did you think of something? And this is what she said. Okay.

How Christians Face Anxiety and Accountability

How are you not anxious all of the time with all of the restrictions, punishments, threats involved in the belief system? That's my question. How are you not anxious all the time? Okay. So what's your initial.

Thought? It's a good question. Yeah. It is a good question because based on her assumptions, Christianity means to her rules and regulations. You either do, but if you do not, then there's punishment.

There is something it awaits that is destructive, at least to her from her viewpoint.

What would you say to that? The first thing that strikes me about this question is the elementary commitment that the majority of our culture has to human autonomy and freedom, and by that I mean freedom apart from God.

We just talked about defining things of our own accord, but also together with that is, as creatures plagued by sin and living in God's world, it's not as if we're going to escape accountability for what we've done for sinning against God, and so all of us inherently know that God will call it all into account and that we're going to be judged by that, and we don't like that.

We don't like the idea of being held accountable for our sin before our creator, but that's the first thing that I hear is a person that values the ability to be completely autonomous in their choices.

They decide for themselves what's good and what's bad and what's right and what's wrong, because the question is phrased in such a way as to say how are you not so anxious by all these rules and regulations?

In other words, your freedom will be hindered. Your freedom will be shackled, and if you are this, which I'm assuming that you are, you won't be free anymore because you'll constantly be stressed and anxiety-ridden and worried about this.

But I think one thing that unbelievers, our culture misunderstands about this because of the problem of sin is that people will say, I could never come to Christ, or I could never follow a God that would inhibit my freedom, right?

That would make me any less free. And the thing to point out is you're not free. Not according to Scripture. The Bible says that in our fallen natures, we're enslaved. We're enslaved to sin. So the deception is thinking that outside of Christ, you're free.

And I'll segue into this and kick it back over to you, but only in Christ, which we're going to be talking about today, is freedom. It's operating in the liberty and the freedom of functioning in the way that you were intended to function.

Not going outside of that and thinking that's what I need. I need to be able to have just radical individualism and self-expression with no restrictions whatsoever. Otherwise, I'm just going to be anxious and tied down.

How are you not anxious and tied down by all these rules and regulations? And I say, well, the answer is that yes, Christianity is a religion. There is doctrine. There are commandments from God. But the Scriptures say that His commandments aren't burdensome.

So how could that be? Well, you fundamentally have a change in nature as a Christian where God's commandments become your delight. They are no longer burdensome because you see the heavy price that was paid for your sin, number one, but you also have an operant power within you now that didn't exist prior, God Himself living within you to actually change your desires and to change your loves and to change your hates.

And so now, you relate to the law of God not out of hostility and, oh, this is just going to infringe on my freedom. Now you understand what it truly means to be free. And you can run in the way of God's commandments with joy because they are delightful.

They do bring peace. They do bring blessing. Yes, it is a relationship with God. However, it's very real that there are rules, that there are commandments, that God commands us to be obedient. But for the Christian, that call to obedience has become a delightful endeavor.

Yeah, I think. And I'm seeing a comment here that I want to address after this because I think it's a great question. I'll say this. I believe everybody, because they're made in the image of God, pursues justification, right?

They pursue justification. They pursue that declaration of right. Because all of us, being image bearers of God, and if they were to look in their heart of heart, they're pursuing some type of acceptance in some way.

Everybody's heart clings to something and finds it ultimate. There's a standard that they're looking to, something ultimate that they're then drawn to because that's what they're made to do. And they're pursuing that validation of their existence.

But everybody knows that you can't even live up to your own standard. They can't even live up to their own standard. They can look at other people and they can avoid this, but they're going to make judgments about how other people should live.

And if they were to then apply those same standards to themselves, they wouldn't be able to live up to their own standard.

Either. That sounds like it might produce a little bit of anxiety.

It would, because what's going to happen is you're going to then labor for that justification. The thing that Christians have that the nonbeliever doesn't is a gospel of grace. A good news that says it's not what you have done, it's what one has done on your behalf.